Dr. MOLUA COLLINS OGOM
Publication Title Investigating Background Ionizing Radiation in some selected locations in Agbor Metropolis
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Energy Engineering and Thermodynamics
Paper Link http://journal. hmjournals.com/index.php/JEE
Publication Authors Collins O Molua , Kenneth Eseka, Anthony O Ukpene
Year Published 7-04
Abstract The level of background indoor and outdoor ionizing radiation doses were
measured in 15 different locations in Agbor, Delta State of Nigeria, with the aid of an
inspector alert nuclear radiation meter. The recorded indoor ionizing radiation ranged
from 0.114 µSv/hr to 0.271 µSv/hr with a mean value of 0.189 ± 0.04 µSv/hr. DDPA
peaked at 0.271± 0.08 µSv/hr. Outdoor radiation levels on the other hand ranged from
0.110 µSv/hr to 0.256 µSv/hr with a mean value of 1.80 ± 0.05 µSv/hr. Model laboratory
recorded the highest outdoor radiation dose value of 0.256 ± 0.03 µSv/hr. These values
were all below the allowable limit set by UNSCEAR. Furthermore, the ambient BIR levels
obtained in all the locations studied were equally below the ambient BIR allowable limit of
0.13 mR/h. The calculated annual effective dose rates value E0 (indoor) for the locations
studied were variable, while the annual effective dose rate E1 (outdoor) obtained for all the
locations studied were less than the standard limit of 1.00 mSv/yr, making the latter
locations to be radiological safe for human habitation without constituting notable health
hazards.
Publication Title Hydrogeophysical Investigation of Aquifer Layers in Nkporo, Ohafia Local Government Area
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Energy Engineering and Thermodynamics
Publication Authors Ogwu D A, Molua, O C, Ighodalo, E.J, Edobor. M
Year Published 6-04
Abstract Drilling a borehole in Nkporo area of Ohafia in Abia state without proper
investigation may lead to wasting resources if water bearing formation is not achieved.
This is because borehole drilling is very expensive. It is therefore necessary to carry out
proper hydro-geophysical investigation in order to identify a good aquifer before
borehole drilling. Electrical resistivity method has been chosen for the investigation of
the water bearing formation. The use of Schlumberger array (Vertical Electrical
Sounding (VES)) method of electrical resistivity was chosen based on the geology of the
study area. This method was chosen because not only will it delineate the layers of the
near surface aquifer but will also determine the thickness and depth to the aquifer.
Five (5) vertical electrical soundings data were obtained from five (5) locations in the
community using the Schlumberger array method. The investigations reveal that the
area is mostly underlain shale. The formations are poor in aquifer materials. Borehole
therefore, in the area should be drilled deep to depths ranging between 700 – 900m into
sandstone as revealed in VES 3 and VES 4.
Publication Title Exploration of Aquifer Levels in Abraka, Obiaruku and Umutu Communities in Delta State, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management.
Paper Link https://www.ajol.info/index.php//jasem
Publication Authors MOLUA, OC; 2OKOH, H; 3 IGHRAKPATA, F c
Year Published 4-28
Abstract The Schlumberger vertical electrical sounding method was used to detect aquifer levels in Abraka,
Obiaruku and Umutu communities in Delta State respectively. The study recorded the aquifer level in Obiaruku to
be between 26m to 34m. In Abraka the aquifer level lied between 20m to about 30m while in Umutu, it was between
50m to 100m. Borehole data showed that portable drinking water lies between 20m to 100m and could easily be
assessed in these areas.
Publication Title Review on the Use of Dyestuff for Enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Efficiency.
Publication Type journal
Publisher J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Management.University Of Portharcourt. Portharcourt Nigeria
Publication Authors UKPENE, AO; MORKA, JC; MOLUA, O.C
Year Published 2022-08-27
Abstract Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have high energy conversion efficiency and environmental
friendliness. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to review the use of dyestuff for the enhancement of dye sensitive
solar cell efficiency. For this reason, this paper gives a background of dye stuff, types and limitations and investigates
the important criteria which are considered for selecting dye to enhance DSSC efficiency.
Publication Title Mudlogging as an Exploration Tool: a Case Study of Ugu-16ST 1
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Basic Science and Technology . Federal University Otuoke
Paper Link http://www.ijbst.fuotuoke.edu.ng/
Publication Authors Molua,O. C., Eseka ,K., Ogwu, A. D
Year Published 4-16
Abstract This study examines measurement while drilling. Shell petroleum development
company (SPDC) well UGU-16ST1 using mud logging concepts and parameters.
The equipment – shale shakers, log charts, detectors, etc – as well as the metrics
rate of penetration (ROP), weight on bit (WOB), and strokes per minute (SPM)
provide an overview of the use of mud logging as an exploration technique. Realtime examination and log interpretation a significant step forward in fluorological
evaluation. The stains show, and fluorescence after examination of the mud, it
can provide indicators of the lithologies reached and, in most cases, the
availability of hydrocarbon in the reached zone. In general, measures are used
while approaching nearby lithological evaluation of unfavourable zones. As in
gas-bearing sandstone. Mudlogging saves money because only wireline logs and
well logs can be used. To "draw the wool over the firm's eyes," so to speak,
because the firm will be better technically versed. Finally, this study has provided
space for numerous mud logging recommendations, such as the employment of
new sophisticated show detectors, correct chemical disposal units, and other
efficient equipment commonly used in mud logging activities
Publication Title Characterization of Radioactivity from Primordial Radionuclides in the Soils of Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher FUDMA Journal of Sciences,Federal University Dutsema
Paper Link https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0602-913
Publication Authors Eseka, K., Mokobia, C.E., * Molua, O. C., Ukpene, A. O.
Year Published 4-02
Abstract This study presents the characterization of the soil in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. It
presents radiometric (40K, 238U and 232Th) survey of soil samples collected from some selected towns in Ika
South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria using gamma-ray [NaI(TI)] spectroscopy.Twenty five
representative soil samples from five communities (five soil samples each per community) were collected for
the study. The average activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th in soil samples from the selected
communities was 510.87 ± 3.068 Bqkg-1
, 31.092±2.638 Bqkg-1
and 64.662 ± 2.842 Bqkg-1
respectively. By
comparing the obtained average result of soil samples of 40K, 238U and 232Th with UNSCEAR standard, it was
observed that the obtained average results of 40K and 232Th exceeded the standard value limit of 400 Bqkg-1
and 30 Bqkg-1
respectively while 238U was less than the standard value limit of 35 Bq/kg-1
. The calculated
radiological hazard values were lower than the world allowable average standard, except for the annual gonadal
dose equivalent and the excess lifetime cancer risk which were above than the world recommended average
standard value of 300 mSv/yr and 0.29 x10-3Sv/yr standard in some communities. However, contactwith the
soils in these communities will not pose much health hazard problem to man and the environment.
Publication Title Investigating Rock Electrical Properties of Anambra River Basin, Using Geophysical Technique
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Technical & Scientific Research Engineering www.ijtsre.org ISSN: 2581-9259
Paper Link http://www.ijtsre.org/
Publication Authors OGWU, D .A , MOLUA, O.C EDOBOR, M
Year Published 6-15
Abstract Geophysical Investigation of Anambra South River Basin of Nigeriahas being studied This
research work presents the methods of exploration with particular reference to the Electrical resistiviy method
as used in determining the hydrogeology of some parts of Anambra South. Vertical Electrical sounding (VES) is
utilized using the digital electronics Device, ABEM 300B Tetrameter with Schlumberger array. The
hydrogeological provinces of the study area is: The Eastern lowland and the Western upland. The former is
underLaid by the Imo formation while the letter is under laid by Ameki /Nanka and Ogwashi-Asaba formations.
Results from data analysis and interpretation shows that clay and sand Formations are the predominant
lithology within the study area. The aquiferous formation Lies within sand, clayey sand and sandstone lithology.
Sands and sandstone appear to Have large thickness across the horizons and locations, the thickness of the
horizons Varies between (1.20- 122.00) meters.
Publication Title Investigating the Protective Effectiveness of the Shielding Parameters for Diagnostic X-Ray rooms in some Selected Hospitals in Agbor Metropolis
Publication Type journal
Publisher FUDMA Journal of Sciences, Federal University Dutsema
Paper Link https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0602-914
Publication Authors Eseka Kenneth, Molua O. Collins, Ukpene, O. Anthony, Egheneji, A. Anthony
Year Published 1-29
Abstract Over exposure to x-rays is capable of producing serious health hazards and capable of causing death due to its
ionizing nature. In the determination of effective primary and secondary shielding parameters of some hospitals
in Agbor, a radiation detector, Geiger Muller Counter 320 plus was used for the measurement of radiation in
the selected x-ray centers chosen in other to ascertain the degree of exposure of x-ray machines at exactly 1m
from the primary source. The work was carried out for a period of 12 weeks in each of the selected hospitals
simultaneously. A total of 145 patients were examined in central hospital Agbor, 110 in central hospital Abavo
and 125 in Nkonye hospital Agbor. The patient’s examination records containing types of examination each
day, peak tube voltage, tube current and exposure time including the actual number of films used were obtained.
Results obtained from the three hospitals investigated were found to be inconformity with the recommendations
of National Commission on Radiological and Protection (NCRP) (70) and (116) protocols. Protective shielding
parameters’ results obtained in this study were lower than the standard recommended maximum values. The
study showed that the walls of the x-ray rooms of these hospitals investigated have adequate shielding
parameters and as such may not require any additional primary structural shielding barriers. It is therefore
concluded that the X-ray shielding facilities for diagnostic x-ray rooms in the selected hospitals in Agbor
metropolis were adequate and safe radiologically for patients and staff respectively.
Publication Title VOLUME RESISTIVITY AND PERMITIVITY OF SOLID DIELECTRICS; CASE STUDY HOW TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVE AREA OF MEASUREMENT ELECTRODE
Publication Type journal
Publisher Chukwuemeke Odumegwu Ojukwu University (COOU) Journal of Physical Sciences
Publication Authors MORKA, J. C. AND MOLUA, O. C
Year Published 3-09
Abstract Presented is how to determine the effective area of the measurement electrode during the
calculation of volume resistivity and permitivity as a result of measurements in three electrode
system. Errors are usually associated with this determination. But the presented analysis will
help to correct the anomalis. The values of these errays are presently in a graphical manner
as a guide. It is shown that the factor of the measurement electrode extension at the electrical
permitivity measurement also depends on electrical permitivity.
Publication Title Determination of Recoverable Hydrocarbons In Kok Well-2 Of Niger Delta Area Of Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH
Publication Authors Collins o. Molua, fidelia c. Ighrakpata
Year Published 7-14
Abstract Well-2 of KoK field was drilled as an exploratory well, and various analytical tests aimed at determining the petrochemical characteristics of
the reservoir sand, was utilized in the evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospect of the well. The gamma ray log, resistivity/induction and compensated
neutron logs were used in getting the above information, through the identification of the various lithologic units found in the well. From the information
got from the various logs, it can be inferred that the hydrocarbon prospect of the area is low at the present depth of investigation.
Publication Title Use of Resistivity Method for Underground Water Exploration in Granula Sediments (A Case Study of Igara Edo State, Nigeria)
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Paper Link http://www.ijaem.net/
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins, Emagbetere U. John bull & Ataman O.John
Year Published 7-07
Abstract The importance of groundwater
cannot be overemphasized. For this reason, the
exploration for water, its exploration and
purification is therefore vital aspect of Geophysics.
The resistivity method of surveying was carried out
for the study of underground water in Igara in Edo
State, Nigeria. Data were acquired using the
ABEM Terrameter 300B using the Schlumberger
array method for this purpose. Three locations were
taken and for each location the system vertical
electrical sounding was used to obtain readings for
resistance and the apparent resistivities were also
calculated. The results were interpreted using the
Geoelectric section of the area, where available
along wit the computer models.The result was that
there was an initial increase in the curve showing
high resitivity and presence of dry soil, but as the
curve progressed, there was sharp drop as shown in
the computer interaction curve; which showed that
there was presence of clay, indicating the presence
of water at depth between 45m to 60m. This results
obtained correlate with available borehole log.
Publication Title Environmental Audit of Camelite Paint Manufacturing Company Located at Agbor, Delta State. Nigeria Case Study: Analysis of Effluent/Borehole water Discharge
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Paper Link http://www.ijaem.net/
Publication Authors J. C. Morka , Dr. C. O. Molua , D. N. Nwachuku , D. A. Ogwu and Dr. A. O. Ukpene
Year Published 5-20
Abstract An Environmental Audit (E.A)
study of physiochemical and bacteriological
effluent and borehole discharges of Camelite paint
Manufacturing company limited, Agbor was
investigated. pH was determined using the pH
meter pre-calibrated using buffer 4 and 9. TDS
contents were estimated using Lovibond
conductivity meter. Heavy meal concentrations
were determined with Spectra AA varion 400 plus
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Total aerobic
bacterial counts were determined by the pour-plate
technique technique. Total coliform counts were
determined by the Most Probable Number (MPN)
technique. The study revealed low pH, low TDS
and small quantities of cations and heavy metal
presence, and high total coliform bacteria counts of
42.2MPN/100ml which contributed to the
bacteriological pollution of rivers and coastal
waters resulting in limited possibilities of their use
for recreation. It is suggested that to detect coliform
organisms in water, either the multiple tubefermentation-technique or the use of the Membrane
Filter be employed because of the disadvantages
associated with the so called Most-ProbableNumber technique whose test is not sensitive to
large fluctuations in coliform densities.
Management of Camelite should consider pollution
abatement and ensure compliance with
environmental requirements.
Publication Title Physicochemical Assessment of Aquifers in Agbor Metropolis, Delta State, Southern Nigeri
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences (University of Benin)
Paper Link www.rjees.org
Publication Authors Okwagi, P., Amitaye, A.N., Molua, O.C., Morka, J.C. and Anigoro, F.O.
Year Published 2-30
Abstract Water Pollutants may be physical or chemical and may pose
health hazards to human and livestock when used for drinking and
other domestic purposes. Hence, the physiochemical
characteristics of aquifers from various locations in Agbor
metropolis were determined to ascertain their suitability for
domestic uses. A total of eighty-four (84) water samples: twentyeight (28) per month, was collected in the months of October,
November and December, 2018 and analysed using standard
methods for water and wastewater analysis. The results of the
study revealed that the aquifers are soft, fresh, and contaminated
with heavy metals: Fe (0.00-0.70 mg/l), Cr (0.00-0.11 mg/l) and
Mn (0.00-0.50 mg/l). The hardness values ranged from 16.00 to
126.00 mg/l and 30.00 to 640.00 mg/l for borehole and well water
samples respectively. The electrical conductivity (E.C.) values
range from 9.56 to 181.30 µScm-1 for the borehole water samples
while that of the well water samples range from 3.65 to 58.00
µScm-1. The DO values range from 2.30 to 78.03 mg/l and 2.60 to
6.10 mg/l for borehole and the well water samples respectively. It
is recommended that these water sources be protected from
further contamination. Also, bacteriological assessment of these
aquifers should be carried out in the identified sample locations
since Mn and Cr contaminations are indicators for microbial
contamination.
Publication Title Quality Indices Of Water Sources From Agbor, Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher J. Chem Soc. Nigeria
Publication Authors P. OKWAGI , A. N. AMITAYE , C. O. MOLUA , F. O. ANIGBORO and O. J. IYAMA
Year Published 0-31
Abstract Borehole, well and river water quality were examined to ascertain their suitability for domestic,
agricultural and industrial uses. The results of the determination revealed several loads of
contaminants hence, most of the water samples are unsuitable for immediate consumption without
treatment. In terms of BOD, the borehole samples are better than the well water samples. The BOD
values range from 2.38 to 4.01mg/l for the borehole water; 2.20 to 4.01mg/l for the well water and
2.50 to 3.00mg/l for the river water samples. No E. Coli was detected in the river sample while 50%
of borehole samples examined are contaminated with E. Coli. Almost all the borehole water samples
are contaminated with chromium while about 58% of the well water samples have chromium levels
above the desirable limits of chromium in drinking water. The results revealed that the water sources
examined are suitable for agricultural productions (irrigation and aquaculture) but relatively potable
for drinking and other domestic and industrial activities. To further enhance the water quality,
filtration system should be integrated into the water supply line to reduce and eliminate dissolved
organic and inorganic matter levels in the water.It is also recommended that measures to minimize
discharge of microbial and chemical contaminants into water sources be adopted by the local council
authority
Publication Title Determination of Annual Gonnaodal dose Equivalent arising from natural radioactivity in soil of Ika North East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Basic Science and Technology
Publication Authors Eseka, K., Molua, O.C. and Upkene, O.A
Year Published 4-25
Abstract The radiometric survey of soil samples collected from some communities in Ika
North-East local Government area of Delta State, Nigeria were investigated using gamma-ray
[NaI(TI)] Spectroscopy. The average activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th in soil
samples from the selected communities were 512.43 ± 1.91 Bqkg-1
, 37.49±2.44 Bqkg-1
and
29.46 ± 2.42 Bqkg-1
respectively. By comparing with recommendation standard, it was observed
that the obtained average results of 40K and 238U exceeded the standard value limit of 400 Bqkg-1
and 30 Bqkg-1
respectively. The calculated radiological hazard values were lower than the world
average standard except for the annual gonnodal dose equivalent that exceeded the world
average value by 33.3%. Therefore in conclusion, exposure to the soils in these
communities will pose little or no health problem to the inhabitants in these communities
Publication Title Day-To-Day Variability in Some Ionospheric Parameters in the Quiet Equatorial Ionosphere Case Study: Ionospheric Critical Frequency Of The E-Region, Foe
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Trend in Research and Development
Paper Link @www.ijtrd.com
Publication Authors Morka J.C, Molua O.C and Nwachuku D.N
Year Published 0-20
Abstract Day-to-Day Variability is some ionospheric
parameters in the quiet equatorial ionosphere, case study: foE
is hereby presented. The diurnal variation curve of foE showed
a symmetrical one with a peak value at noon. The seasonal
variation curve of the foE has two maximum points in the
months of April and August. It is also shown that for short
time variation, the day-to-day variability in the E-region of the
ionospheric critical frequency, foE is not due to season nor
relative sunspot number Rz. The test of significance carried
out between the standard errors of foE before and after
correction showed no significant difference at 95% level of significance.
Publication Title PREDICTABLE IONOSPHERIC PARAMETERS AND METHODS OF CALCULATING CIRCUIT PARAMETERS FROM PATH GEOMETRY (AN OVERVIEW)
Publication Type journal
Publisher Agbor Journal of science and science Education
Paper Link http://www.ajosse.com/
Publication Authors MOLUA O.C, NWACHUKU, D.N. & EGHENEJI, A.A.
Year Published 6-22
Abstract The presence of free electrons in the ionosphere produces the reflecting regions important to
high frequency (HF) radio-wave propagation. This paper presents an overview of predictable
ionospheric parameters because at HF, all the regions are important and should be considered
in predicting the operational parameters of radio communication circuits. Also presented are
propagation by way of sporadic E and other anomalous ionization together with ways of
calculating circuit parameters such as path length and bearings as well as the sun’s Zenith
angle.
Publication Title Effects of Practicals on the academic performance of students in Physics at the senior secondary school level (A case study of some schools in Ika North East LGA). Agbor
Publication Type journal
Publisher Agbor Journal of science and science Education
Paper Link www.ajosse.com
Publication Authors Molua O.Collins, Ogwu D. A. And Ighrakpata C. Fidelia
Year Published 6-10
Abstract This study sought to determine the effect of practical work on the academic performance of students
in Physics in Ika North east Local Government Area of Delta State. In particular, it intends to
determine whether or not physics practical work has influence on students’ academic performance.
The result of such study would supply argument for or against, the view that practical work affects
students’ academic performance in Physics. Field study was carried out between March 2014 to
July 2014. The results showed that the schools that do practical work in Physics even for a period of
just one hour a week performed above average, while those schools without any practical experience
performed below average in school certificate examinations. Although there are Physics
Laboratories buildings in the schools covered, there are virtually no equipment and laboratory
attendants for physics practical. It is inferred that a little effort to conduct physics practical for
students will expose them to practical knowledge which also lead to excellent performance in
Physics in the West African School Certificate Examinations. It is therefore recommended that all
schools should be equipped with functional laboratories to enable students, not only pass physics in
their West African School Certificate Examinations but also have good practical knowledge of
physics in their schools.
Publication Title ESTIMATION OF THE RESISTIVITY OF GRAPHITE PENCILS
Publication Type journal
Publisher Warri Journal of Sciences
Paper Link warri Journal of sciences
Publication Authors Molua O.C,' Ighrakpata F.C and Igherighe E.C’
Year Published 2011-02-05
Abstract Abstract
The graphite pencils are an instrument made of a mixture of graphite and
clay, coated with oil or wax for finer quality. There are arrays of graphite
pencils categorized by hardness (F), and blackness or sofiness (B), witheach
type of pencil giving different textures and shades when used to draw or
write. Length (1) and cross-sectional area of graphite pencils determine the
amount of electricity allowed to flow through it, affecting its conductivity. The greater the length, the greater the resistance, however the greater the cross-sectional area, the resistivity of the pencil will be smaller. Eight
graphite pencils, 6H, 5H, 2H, 3H, HB, 5B, 2B and 3B, which were tested. The hardest of all the investigated samples 6H produced a resistivity of 3 6 x
10°Qm, while the softest 5B produced the least resistivity of 3.1 x 10 Qm leading to the conclusion that the resistivity of a hard graphite pencil i
higher than that of a soft graphite pencil. The quantity of clay in a hard graphite pencil is its main property-accountable for this theory and suggesin
the association that its resistivity is dependent on the percentage composition
of clay in graphite pencils; the more clay composed within graphite pencil
the higher its resistivity.
Publication Title Using Geophysical and Driller’s Log for the Determination of Aquifer in Extreme OWE Region (Delta State - Nigeria).
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins (Ph.D), Ighrakpata C. Fedelia (M.Sc.), Onwuka. F Onwuka(Ph.D.)
Year Published 2013-03-06
Abstract The aim of this work is to investigate the
geophysical borehole logging of extreme Owa region (Delta
State - Nigeria) with a view to determining the lithology of
the area. The resistivity of the formation was carried out,
using resistivity logs of short Normal (SN), long Normal
(LN), and long lateral (LL). The results show that the
interval between (0-12) m bears loose lateritic sand. The
depth zone of (24-30) m, (30-49) m and (55-58) m consist of
clay rich sandy stones, which is capable of bearing water.
The intervals (110-116) m to (158-160) m shows whitish
colour particles with light brown silty clay. Within the depth
intervals of (62-78) m and (92-102) m with formation
resistivities of maximum values up to 6500 (nm) and 6100
(nm) respectively. The interval (78-92) m with moderately
low resistivity between (700 and 2400) m has moderate water bearing aquifer (clay sandy zone)
Publication Title Determination of the Effect of Sand Content on the Resistivity of Kaolin
Publication Type journal
Publisher World J of Engineering and Pure and Applied Sci.
Paper Link http://www.rrpjournals.com/
Publication Authors Collins O MOLUA, Edwin C IGHERIGHE, Francis O ONWUKA
Year Published 2013-09-10
Abstract This paper seeks to determine the effect of sand content in Kaolin on its resistivity. To this end, different proportions of clay
from Oza-nogogo were mixed with different proportion of sand, in different ratios. The mixture - which must be uniform – is
then stuffed into cylindrical pvc pipes, 5cm in length, and the values of voltage and current through the sample obtained,
from which the resistivity can be determined. Data were obtained and plotted. Results obtained revealed that the sample
that contained 80% clay and 20% sand yielded a resistance of 0.317? and a resistivity of 0.00199203?m. The sample that
contained 60% clay and 40% sand yielded a resistance of 0.3? and a resistivity of 0.0018846 ?m, The sample that contained
100% clay yielded a resistance of 0.45455? and a resistivity of 0.0028554 ?m, While the sample that contained 100% sand
yielded a resistance of 0.055? and a resistivity of 0.00034776 ?m. However, the sample that contained Equal quantities of
both samples ie 50% clay and 50% sand yielded a resistance of 0.26316 ? and a resistivity of 0.0016537 ?m.We conclude
therefore that the resistivity of clay decreases with increasing sand content. These resistivity values are important variables,
informing the use of clay/kaolin as insulators in electrical installations.
Publication Title Transformation of teachers Education in the 21st Century: A case Of Physics Teacher Quality for National Development.
Publication Type journal
Publisher AGBOR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SCIENCE EDUCATION (AJOSSE)
Paper Link http://www.ajosse.com/
Publication Authors IDIALU JONATHAN OGBEIDE Ph.D, MOLUA, O. C. Ph.D & ESEKA KENNETH
Year Published 2014-08-12
Abstract Transformation of teacher education in any Nation is achievable if education is given its rightful
place in the scheme of things. Transformation of teacher education in Nigeria can be realised if
the teachers are equipped with the needed knowledge, attitude, behaviours and skills with good
policies and well designed procedures. No system of education can rise above the quality of its
teachers. Therefore, this paper looked at the present physics education curriculum, physics
education graduates in Nigeria and the way forward in developing physics teacher quality by
repositioning physics Teacher education programmes for the 21st century. Among the
recommendations was that B.Sc physics education should be reviewed to increase the capacity of
the physics education graduates.
Publication Title Comprehending the practice of hydrocarbon identification and Lithological evaluation using Mud Log
Publication Type journal
Publisher www.elixir journal.org.
Paper Link http://www.elixirjournal.org/
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins
Year Published 2012-06-14
Abstract AB STRACT
A hydrocarbon well log (Onyia well), obtained from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Was
analyzed. The equipment used –Shale shakers log chart, detectors etc and parameters-rate of
penetration (ROP), weight on bits (WOB) and strokes per minute (SPM). All provided
evidences of the benefits of mudlogging as an exploration tool. The shows, stains and
fluorescence obtained from the lithological analyses of zones of interest, from the Mudlog,
ie 7100-8,300ft of well, after through examination indicated that the lithologies reached. and in some cases the availability of hydrocarbon in the reached zones.
Publication Title RESISTIVITY SURVEY OF LIMESTONE DEPOSIT AT NKALAGU IN EBONYI STATE, EASTERN NIGERIA
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Sciences and Multidisciplinary Research
Publication Authors Opeh R.N, Okoh H, Molua O.C
Year Published 2012-12-06
Abstract ABSRACT
A geophysical survey for limestone deposits was carried out at Nkalagu of Ebonyi State in
eastern Nigeria covering Block B zone at Nigercem- Ezeaku shale and Nkalagu cement
factory. This was successfully done by employing the electrical resistivity method to
investigate the thickness and depth of limestone variation in the covered areas with the
application of Schlumberger array. The data obtained from the field were analyzed by
computation of the apparent resistivity and plotting the graph of half electrode spacing and the apparent resistivity. Interpretation was by employing computer assisted evaluation
procedure in which depths of limestone deposits were estimated. In VES 1, the depth of limestone is about 6.4m and the thickness is about 36.8m. In VES 2, the depth of limestone is about 38.8m and the thickness is about 19.1m
Publication Title A Critique of Current Assessment Practices of SSS Physics Practical Examinations: The Way Forward in the21st Century
Publication Type journal
Publisher School of Sciences, College of Education Agbor
Paper Link http://www.ajosse.com/
Publication Authors DR. ONWUKA, F. ONWUKA and DR. MOLUA O.C.
Year Published 2014-10-08
Abstract This paper, a critique of current assessment practices of SSS physics practical examination:
the way forward in the 21st century, looked at the current method of assessing physics practical
during class work and during the final examinations that lead to the award of the Senior Secondary
School Certificate. It was found that in addition to assessing the psychomotor domain of instruction,
the examination question paper also examines some aspects of the cognitive aspects which can be
taken care of by theory papers, and that the current system can encourage examination malpractice
because the step-to-step activities that lead to the results obtained are not rewarded. It was suggested
that Observation Schedule be used because apart from increasing students skills in manipulating
equipment, it can increase also students’ performance in examinations, and can ameliorate
examination malpractice among students.
Publication Title Analysis of electrical resistivity data for the determination of aquifer depth at Sapele RD in Benin city
Publication Type journal
Publisher Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research,
Paper Link http://www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com/
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins, Igherighe C. Edwin and Eseka Kenneth
Year Published 2013-06-06
Abstract The importance of groundwater cannot be overemphasized. For this reason, the exploration for water and its
purification is therefore a vital aspect of Geophysics. The resistivity method of surveying was carried out for the
study of underground aquifer at Sapele road in Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria. Data were acquired using the ABEM
Terrameter 300B using the Schlumberger array. Two locations were considered, and for each location, the vertical
electrical sounding was used to obtain readings for resistance and the apparent resistivities. The results obtained
showed that water bearing formation for the two survey areas, was found at depths of 17.98m for VES 1 and 32.43m
for VES 2.
Publication Title DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM STRESS REQUIRED TO FRACTURE AN IGNEOUS ROCK SAMPLE IN OKPILLA VILLAGE (EDO STATE, NIGERIA)
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research (IJAIR)
Paper Link IJAIR
Publication Authors Collins. O. Molua , Edwin.C. Igherighe. And Jonathan.O. Idialu.
Year Published 2013-08-05
Abstract This paper was designed to
determine the minimum stress required to fracture
samples of igneous rock in Okpilla village in Edo
State.An igneous rock sample was broken into
different sizes by the application of force and
various readings were obtained from the the
different sizes when the forces were applied. A
graphs of force against areas of different sizes of
the rock were plotted and the minimum stress
required to fracture the igneous rock sample was
obtained.The result revealed that the stress
required to fracture the igneous rock sample is in
the order of 8.82 x 10-6 Nm-2.Therefore, the
knowledge of this minimum stress should as a
matter of principle be applied in any Engineering
and construction work, such as subsurface
Geology, construction of roads,houses tunnels
canal or dams etc.
Publication Title Comparison of the Strength of Two Different Rock Samples.
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors F.C. Ighrakpata, M.Sc.; O.C. Molua, Ph.D. ; E.C. Igherighe, M.Sc; and J.O. Idialu, M.Sc
Year Published 2012-11-15
Abstract This study was to determine the strength of two
different rock samples of igneous rock - granite
and metamorphic rock - marble samples. A well
structured and organized experiment was used to
carry out the empirical research. The sample
comprised of two different rock types that was
broken into size different sizes. The tables of
readings collected were used to plot a graph of
force against area from which the minimum stress
required to fracture the different rock samples
were obtained. The result revealed that the stress
required to fracture the sampled igneous rock –
granite is of the order of 8.82 x 106
NM2
, for
sampled metamorphic rock-marble, it is of the
order of 5.7x106 NM-2
. Therefore the stress
required to fracture the various rock samples
should be borne in mind when using any of the
rock samples in any engineering work
Publication Title Utilizing Mud-logging as a Tool for Exploration: A Case Study, Kushi-20 Oil Well in Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors O.C. Molua, Ph.D. * ; J.C. Egbai, Ph.D. ; F.O. Onwuka, Ph.D. ; and J.U. Emagbetere, M.Sc.
Year Published 2012-11-22
Abstract Mud-logging as exploration tool involves the
acquisition of samples from the shale shaker for
quantitative and qualitative analysis to detect
hydrocarbon presence. At the Kushi–20 well,
mud-logging was done using water-base and oilbase mud to give lithological break down and
hydrocarbon shows of the well. Conclusively,
mud-logging as a relevant tool in the oil and gas
well drilling was stressed and was recommended
for use in drilling exploratory, development and
appraisal wells since it provides relevant
information about the hydrocarbon content of the
well and the sub-surface formation.
(Keywords: flame, shale, hydrocarbon, petrol
Publication Title ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEY FOR GROUND WATER POTENTIALS, AN OVERVIEW
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Physical Sciences and Environmental Safety
Publication Authors Opeh, R; Molua, O.C; and Okoh. H
Year Published 2012-10-10
Abstract A geophysical survey for ground water resources was carried out. This was successfully done
by employing the electrical resistivity method to investigate the water table variations within
the areas covered, with the application of Schlumberger arrangement. Electrical resistivity
technique has its base on inserting four electrodes in the ground in which two of the
electrodes are current electrodes and the other two are potential electrodes. ABEM
TERRAMETER SAS 300B was the principal instrument used in this survey. This instrument
measures the ground resistance and the apparent resistivity of the subsurface was calculated
the data obtained was analyzed by the computation of the apparent resistivity and plotting
the graph of the half electrodes spacing and the apparent resistivity. Interpretation was done
by computer assisted evaluation procedure in which depths of the water table was estimated
for the three VES. For VES 1, the water table was found at about 47.5m, VES 2 is about
47.0m, and VES 3 is from 61.5m.
Publication Title Integrated data approach to the determination of hydrocarbon saturation.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Elixir
Paper Link Available online at www.elixirjournal.org
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2012-05-08
Abstract The first stage of the study consists of defining rock types by relating Geological framework,
lithofacies, petrology to porosity, permeability, and Water saturation. Rock types represent
reservoir units with a distinct porosity -permeability relationship and a unique water
saturation range for a given height above the free water level. We also describe the
conventional methodology used to evaluate water saturation from sections of the electric log
of a well. The second stage of the work involved the analysis of the cored samples of the
well (SANDS D 2, E1-8).Which will lead to the determination of the water saturation of the
well. The third stage of the work dealt with the integration of the core analysis result with
formation evaluation data to define reservoir water saturation. By using a proposed water
saturation model, known as the molco water saturation model. It was observed that the
conventional Archie water saturation gave the water saturation for the well section as
74.26% while the model gave it as 41.6%, giving a consolidated difference of 33.20%. This
result will contribute to the understanding of tight reservoirs and making an impact on
reservoir development.
Publication Title Scaffolding Instructional Strategy (SIS) In a Student Centred Classroom. A tool for Enhanced Academic Achievement in Sciences
Publication Type journal
Publisher warri Journal of pure and Applied sciences
Paper Link warri Journal of pure and Applied sciences
Publication Authors M:ika, j.C, Dr. Molua, 0.C, Dr. Ukpene, A.O. Obiwulu, Esther And Ogwu, D.A
Year Published 2011-12-05
Abstract This paper focuses on the use of sca/]'aTded instructional strategy in a
student-centered classroom. Specifically, it examined the various types of
scaffolds -that can be used to accommodate students’ different levels of
knowledge, guidelines for implementing scaffolding, benefits of instructional
scaffolding and its challenges. It.is hoped that this innovative strategy will
address students’ academic under achievement.
Publication Title Geoelectric investigation for mapping subsurface groundwater potential in Umutu and environs in Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher www.elixir journal.org.
Publication Authors J.C Egbai , C.O Aigbogun and C.O Molua
Year Published 2012-06-12
Abstract AB STRACT
Eighteen Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger configuration with a maximum current electrode separation varying from 200m to 650m were carried out at
Umutu and environs in Delta State Nigeria. The aim of survey was to determine the
underlying lithology, determination of area of corrosive groundwater as well as computing
the transmissivity of the aquifer in the area to determine the best location for sitting borehole
of high quality in terms of high output. The results have shown that VES 7 has the lowest corrosive groundwater and highest aquifer transmissivity value of 357.0m2
/day. With the
computation of aquifer transmissivity value resulting from the values obtained it becomes possible to demarcate regions of high groundwater in the area.
Publication Title ANALYSIS OF OGOM-1 WELL USING MUD LOGGING EXPLORATION TOOL
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Research and Development
Paper Link Journal of Research and Development
Publication Authors Ighrakpata C Fidelia. , MOLUA,O. Collins and Igherighe C Edwin
Year Published 2011-05-12
Abstract Abstract
A mud logging process was carried out on OGOM-1 well using its equipment. The well name is a hypothetical one (for security reasons). It is located in delta state and owned by the SPDC. The mud logging formation data was interpreted geologically, revealing their physical parameters such as depths, lithological tops, colour and description. Intervals 8900ft-9910ft of well shows strata of sand and shales, intervals 9910ft-10920ft of well consists mainly of thick columns of sand with occasional intercalation of shale which appears to be slightly sticky. While intervals 10920ft-11920ft of well consists of an alternating sequence of thick shale beds and sand beds.
From the lithological analysis obtained, the reservoir could be concluded as a hydrocarbon bearing formation
Publication Title Design and performance of an eco-friendly Domestic solar dryer for agricultural products in Agbor, Delta state Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher YABA JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Paper Link YABA JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Publication Authors IGHERIGHE,E.C.!,MOLUA,O.C.!, 0MOIGIADE', C A AND IGHRAKPATA F.C
Year Published 2010-02-04
Abstract ABSRACT
A geophysical survey for limestone deposits was carried out at Nkalagu of Ebonyi State in
eastern Nigeria covering Block B zone at Nigercem- Ezeaku shale and Nkalagu cement
factory. This was successfully done by employing the electrical resistivity method to
investigate the thickness and depth of limestone variation in the covered areas with the
application of Schlumberger array. The data obtained from the field were analyzed by
computation of the apparent resistivity and plotting the graph of half electrode spacing and
the apparent resistivity. Interpretation was by employing computer assisted evaluation
procedure in which depths of limestone deposits were estimated. In VES 1, the depth of
limestone is about 6.4m and the thickness is about 36.8m. In VES 2, the depth of limestone is about 38.8m and the thickness is about 19.1m.
Publication Title Determination of water table using electrical sounding technique (A case study of Afuze, Edo State, Nigeria).
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics,
Publication Authors MOLUA, O.C AND EMAGBETERE J.U
Year Published 2005-10-03
Abstract Abstract
This work~investigated water-bearing formation and determined the water
table in Afuze, a major town in Edo state, Nigeria, using electrical
sounding techniques with the schiumberger electrode configuration The
ABEM SAS 300B Terrameters was used in this work to carry out
Resistivity soundings from several locations which were evenly distributed
within the study area. The value of the apparent resistivities got, were
computed manually and with computer and plotted on log-log graph, all of
which are shown in this work. The interpretation was done qualitatively
and quantitatively by comparison of resistivity curve type and curved
matching techniques respectively. Models were generated for computer
iterative technique and Borehole data were also collected using
spontaneous potential logging method as well as driller’s log in some
selected sites within the study area so as to correlate surfuce measurement
with borehole records. Analysis based on three depth related resistivity
contour VES, as well as selected cross sectional profiles confirm the
existing dual regional geological environment of the area. Finally, it was
established, from The result obtained that the water bearing formation at
Afuze was mainly sand and was found at depth between 32.6m-50m.
Publication Title Dependence of the period on Angular Amplitude of a simple pendulum
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Physics
Paper Link Nigerian Journal of Physics
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins and " Emagbetere U. John Bull
Year Published 2005-03-01
Abstract Abstract
[The interesting properties of a pendulum are that the pendulum executes simple harmonic motion, and
that the period of each swing is constant, and depends only on the pendulum length. While it i
independent of the weight. The major aim of this paper is to ascertain the minimum angular amplitude a
which the error in the period will be significant. this work was carried out by setting up a simpl
\pendulum experiment. The pendulum was set swinging with a small. The timing of the oscillation wa]
done as the bob passed through its rest position. The time for 50 oscillations was recorded for differen
lengths and angular amplitudes. It was observed that the period depends on length and angula
amplitude of the pendulum. The variation of the period with the angular amplitude is not a linear
relation, but a parabolic curve. At the minimum values of the curves obtained, the angular amplitude can
be between 5° to 15’ for any choice of length of pendulum
Publication Title Application of Physics in Ground water exploration (A case study of the Aquifer level of Owan L.G.A. of Edo State);
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka, Yaba Lagos.
Publication Authors Onwuka F.O and Molua O. C
Year Published 2005-12-07
Abstract Growundsvater is playing an increasing significant role in solving mans for homes and industries
the resistivity method can be used to establish ground water level and to determine soil lithology.
Publication Title Microresistivity Log as an Aid in Determining Hydrocarbon Saturation
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. Published by School of Sciences, University of Abuja
Paper Link Zuma Journal of pure and applied Sciences
Publication Authors Molua O.C. and Ujuanbi. O.
Year Published 2005-07-19
Abstract In this work the microresistivity log have been described as a viable aid in the documentation of water and
hydrocarbon saturation. A microresistivity device is used to measure the resistivity of flushed earth zone and
to delineate permeable formations by detecting the presence of mud cake along the well bore wall. However,
such measurements generally cannot provide accurate inferences or the formation permeability. The types,
composition and method of logging with microresistivity devices are discussed. Two geophysical wells in
clean formation were interpreted. The result of which shows that with the various assumption made the water
saturation were found to be 11% and 15% from which the hydrocarbon saturation was estimated to be 89%
and 85% respectively.
Publication Title SP log as an aid in determining some Reservoir characteristics
Publication Type journal
Publisher Jour. Of Inst. Of Mathematics & Computer Science
Publication Authors Molua, O C, Igherighe,E C, Ujuanbi O & Ighrakpata, F C
Year Published 2010-05-03
Abstract ABSTRACT
Self-Potential (SP) logging was carried out in an un–cased, or open hole containing a water base fluid between
an electrode on the sonde in the borehole and a stationary reference electrode at the surface in part of Niger
Delta area of Nigeria. The two components of SP curve were used to detect the Permeable beds and to locate
boundaries between beds in order to obtain good values for formation water resistivity. The result of the field
work show that sands are water bearing and there are sufficient proportion of shaly material which explained
the reduction of SP, the sands are not only shaly but they also contain oil or gas. As confirmed by the analysis
of the cores.
Publication Title Determination of Young’s modulus of elasticity of various timbers in delta state (Nigeria) using the cantilever method
Publication Type journal
Publisher School of Sciences, College of Education Agbor
Paper Link http://www.ajosse.com/
Publication Authors OKOH. H, MOLUA, O.C, and IGHERIGHE, E.C and Oahimire, A
Year Published 2010-06-15
Abstract ABSTRACT
The cantilever method was used to determine the Young's modulus of elasticity of some timbre
found in Delta state , Nigeria. The results Obtained showed that:Opepe and Afara have the
highest values of Young's modulus of elasticity, While Mansonia has the lowest.Chi-square
statistics revealed that these results conform to the international standard values.
Publication Title Porosity Estimation in the Niger-Delta Basin of Nigeria using Sonic Log.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Akamai University USA (http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.)
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors O.C. Molua1*; E. Igherighe2 ; and F.C. Ighrakpata3
Year Published 2011-05-20
Abstract ABSTRACT
The sonic or acoustic log measures the travel
time of an elastic wave through a geological
formation. This information can also be used to
derive the velocity of elastic waves through the
formation. Its main use is to provide information
to support and calibrate seismic data and to
derive the porosity of a formation. Porosity of
subsurface formations can vary widely, for
instance carbonates (limestone and dolomites)
and evaporities (salts, anlydrite, gypsum, sylvite,
etc.) may show practically zero porosity.
Consolidated sandstones may have 30%
porosity or more. Shales or clays may contain
over 40% water-filled porosity.
In an effort to estimate the formation porosity of
the Niger-Delta of Nigeria, a case study of a well
was carried out. It’s petrophysical parameters
were computed while borehole parameters were
estimated using the Wyllie Time-Average
equation was used the porosity at intervals
3495m-311m of well. After applying a gas
correction of 0.7, the porosity of the formation
was found to be 22%, showing that the
formation of the area might be might be
unconsolidated sands.
Publication Title Forestalling the Drilling of False Prospects in the Abraka Area of Delta State: The Weathered Layer (A Case for Consideration).
Publication Type journal
Publisher Akamai University USA (http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.)
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors E.C. Igherighe1 , O.C. Molua1*, and F.C. Ighrakpata2
Year Published 2009-12-24
Abstract ABSTRACT
In-line profiling (LVL Survey) was carried out in
site 2 of Delta State University, Abraka, latitude
5.770
N and 5.850
N and longitude 6.080
E and
6.170
E. the source of energy was dynamite buried
in 1m holes at offset distances of 40m, 105m and
170m. Twelve (12) Geophones were used as the
detectors and the recording instrument used was
the portable OYO Mcseis –160. the analysis of
the data obtained revealed two prominent layers
with velocities: V0 = 308m/s and V1 = 1653 m/s,
for the weathered and sub-weathered layer,
respectively, and a thickness of Z = 3m for the
weathered layer. With knowledge of the thickness
of the weathered layer, depth to which shot holes
should be drilled is ascertained.
Publication Title A review of Renewable Energy Resource; Development & utilization for Sustainable Energy in Nigeria.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journalof Pure &Applied Science Education (AJOPASE).
Publication Authors MORKAJ.C, MOLUAO.C'AND IGHRAKPATA EC
Year Published 2009-04-21
Abstract ABSRACT
The need for alternative energy sources to fuel wood and diversification of energy
utilization into clear: secure and renevable energy is a major concern to energy
research institutes in Nigerian energy policy. This paper presents the status of
renewable energy activities in Nigeria, activities in which solar and renewable
energy sources already developed are being usedand further actions required,
renewable energy availability potentials, achievements, applications and
utilization in Nigeria., as well as the range of technologies for efficient energy
utilization using the Korean erperience as a successful case of technological
development through partnership model
Publication Title CLIMATE CHANGE, ECOSYSTEM AND HUMAN HEALTH: AN OVERVIEW
Publication Type journal
Publisher Agbor Journal Of Science Education (AJOSE)
Paper Link http://www.ajosse.com/
Publication Authors Morka, J.C. and 2 Molua, O.C.
Year Published 2009-03-12
Abstract Abstract
An overview of the impact of climate change on the ecosystem and on human
health is hereby reported. The debate over the effects of ozone depletion and
airborne particulate and indeed the greenhouse gases has produced a number of
scientific materials on the subject matter. It therefore becomes necessary that a
better understanding is established between the biosphere and climate as this will
enable better planning for adapting to the changes that occur though it seems
unlikely that climate management will become a reality within the foreseeable
future.
Publication Title Microresistivity Log as a Viable Aid in Determining Hydrocarbon Saturation
Publication Type journal
Publisher Published by School of Sciences, University of Abuja
Paper Link Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Publication Authors Molua O.C. and Ujuanbi. O.
Year Published 2005-06-23
Abstract Abstract
In this work the microresistivity log have been described as a viable aid in the documentation of water and
hydrocarbon saturation. A microresistivity device is used to measure the resistivity of flushed earth zone and
to delineate permeable formations by detecting the presence of mud cake along the well bore wall. However,
such measurements generally cannot provide accurate inferences or the formation permeability. The types,
composition and method of logging with microresistivity devices are discussed. Two geophysical wells in
clean formation were interpreted. The result of which shows that with the various assumption made the water
saturation were found to be 11% and 15% from which the hydrocarbon saturation was estimated to be 89%
and 85% respectively.
Publication Title Poisson Impedance as an enhanced Iitho –Fluid discriminator using cross plot analysis.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of (he Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics
Publication Authors *O. Ujuanbi, *S. I. Jegede, 2F. Osayande and 3C. O. Molua,
Year Published 2008-07-24
Abstract Abstract
The Poisson impedance as a tool for fluid and lithology discrimination in an oil-saturated
sand reservoir was tested using seismic and well data set acquired from (inshore Niger
Delta, Front the inversion results, AVO attributes such as the fluid factor and Poisson
impedance were obtained. The result showed that Poisson impedance as a discriminatory
tool between fluidss and lithology have a higher amplitude resolution than the Fluid factor
and the inverted acoustic impedance. These results agreed very well with the fluid and
lithology discrimination using Poisson impedance and fluid factor attributes in an offshore
Angola field and Gulf of Mexico
Publication Title THE CONDUCTIVITY OF A FORMATION AS A MEASURE OF INDUCED CURRENT ( A CASE FOR INDUCTION LOG).
Publication Type journal
Publisher Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka
Paper Link Nigerian Journal of Science & Environment
Publication Authors MOLUA, O.C , , IGHRAkPATA .F O and EMAGBETERE J.UAND OKOH. H*
Year Published 2007-04-06
Abstract ABSTRACT
This work examined the viability of induction log as a measure of the conductivity
of a formation by the use of induced current into the formation. Its use in the determination
of water saturation was also examined. Induction logging is a method wherein the
conductivity, ie reciprocal of resistivity is measured by means of induced current without
the help of contact electrodes. It can be used in empty holes or in holes containing oil base,
fresh water or other types of drilling fluid that is not conductive. We know that in
formation evaluation, estimation of the quantity of formation water present in the pore
space of a well leads to the evaluation of the quantity of the hydrocarbon present. And so
for the geophysical well that was considered here, various assumptions made, and the water saturation for the two zones were found to be 33% and 20% respectively.
Publication Title THE EFFECT OF HEIGHT OF MAXIMUM DENSITY (hm) CHANGES ON THE ORDINARY WAVE CRITICAL FREQUENCY OF THE F2 LAYER (f0F2) IN THE QUIET EQUATORIAL IONOSPHERE.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Research and Development,
Paper Link www.oasisresearchjournals.com
Publication Authors Morka, J.C, Molua, O.C & Ighrakpata, F.C
Year Published 2011-12-25
Abstract Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of hm changes on f0F2 . A set of theoretical h/
f (minimum vertical
height on the ordinary- wave branch for the F layers) curves called overlays were constructed
from a parabolic equation. ?f0F2 , hm and ?hm parameters were calculated for June Solstice
(representing May to August) and September Equinox (representing September and October) at
0900 hours, 12 00 hours and 1500 hours. The results obtained show that as ?hm increases,
?foF2 increases, indicating that height changes in the F2 layer shows a corresponding change in
the critical frequency of the layer. The correction for ?hm, show a shift in foF2 for the Solstice
and Equinox.
Publication Title Experimental Study Corrosion Parameters of Copper as an Eco-Friendly Heat Collector for Solar Water Heaters
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International
Paper Link DOI: 10.9734/JGEESI/2023/v27i5686
Publication Authors J. C. Morka , O. C. Molua a* , A. Egheneji , M. Edobor and F. C. Ighrakpata
Year Published 2023-05-26
Abstract ABSTRACT
The corrosion behaviour of copper as a solar collector material was adequately simulated in tests in
a solar water heating system. The weight loss technique of corrosion determination was used under
exposure conditions ranging from slightly acidic to alkaline. Uniform corrosion was observed and
corrosion rates; calculated estimates of the life of a typical collector made of copper were evaluated
and found to be below 0.0254 mmpy and the subsequent evaluation of the life of a 3mm thick pipe
shows lives of over a hundred years under the varying exposure conditions. A significant fact is that
uniform corrosion took place over the period of the test.
Publication Title Assessment of the Influence of Sunlight on the Incidence and Geographical Variability of Skin Cancer in West Africa
Publication Type journal
Publisher Innovations
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2023-09-12
Abstract Skin cancer poses a major international public health problem, exceeding 1.5 million new cases annually.
Ultraviolet sunlight is the primary external catalyst for skin cancer. This analysis examines the link between solar
radiation exposure and skin cancer rates across regions. While UV exposure reliably elevates skin cancer risk,
geographical factors like latitude, elevation, and climate underpin variability. The study illuminates
determinants of geographical differences and explores the complex interplay between sunlight and skin cancer.
Insights can guide tailored interventions and policies to address the rising global skin cancer burden.
Publication Title Biomechanics of Ergonomic Furniture Design: Integrating Physics, Biology and Home Science for Improved Posture and Well-being
Publication Type journal
Publisher Innovations
Paper Link Innovations, Number 74 September 2023
Publication Authors Ighrakpata, F. C , Akpaokueze, T N , Ukpene, C. P& Molua O.C
Year Published 2023-09-12
Abstract The pursuit of improved well-being and posture has driven the exploration of biomechanics in
ergonomic furniture design, merging principles from physics, biology, and home science. This
study delves into the intricate relationship between human physiology, furniture design, and the
living environment to create furniture solutions that optimize comfort, health, and productivity.
By integrating physics to ensure proper support and alignment, biology to consider human
anatomy and movement, and insights from home science to harmonize design with domestic
lifestyles, a holistic approach emerges. Through an array of tables and graphs, this research
demonstrates the tangible impact of ergonomic furniture on posture enhancement, muscle
engagement, and user satisfaction. The interplay of these multidisciplinary perspectives yields
innovative furniture designs that resonate with human biomechanics, ultimately fostering a
healthier and more productive daily life.
Keywords: Biomechanics, ergonomic furniture, physics, biology, posture, m
Publication Title Characterizing the Sorption and Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Spider Webs: A Physics-Based Approach
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Research in Science and Engineering
Publication Authors Molua. O. C1*, Ukpene. A. O2 , Onyeyela. N. K3 , Emagbetere. J. U4
Year Published 2021-08-19
Abstract Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present indoor air contaminants
with inherent health hazards. The current study looks into the physical processes that cause
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to stick to and build up in spider webs. Using
controlled experiments and mathematical modelling, our objective is to establish a
comprehensive comprehension of the physics underlying the process of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) adsorption on spider silk. This study exhibits potential for improving passive
monitoring systems to evaluate indoor air quality.
Publication Title Corporate Social Responsibility in Biotechnology Companies: Ethical, Environmental and Physical Implications
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JSRTH
Publication Authors A.O. Ukpene , O.C. Molua* , Oduma, E.O , A.U. Akporobaro
Year Published 2022-12-17
Abstract Abstract: The biotechnology sector, renowned for its groundbreaking advancements, is
increasingly subject to examination regarding its ethical and environmental obligations.
The present study examines the ethical and environmental aspects of Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) in the context of biotechnology companies. The objective is to gain a
deeper understanding of how these firms can effectively integrate scientific advancements
to promote societal and ecological welfare. Our comprehensive study encompasses various
aspects, such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, ethical dilemmas,
environmental impacts, stakeholder perspectives, and best practices. The study's results
emphasize the importance of ethical clinical trial practices and community engagement,
the frequency of ethical dilemmas associated with gene-editing technologies, and the
significance of energy consumption and the ecological consequences of genetically
modified organisms (GMOs). Furthermore, various stakeholders, including employees and
the community, perceive corporate social responsibility (CSR) as productive. This study
enhances our comprehensive comprehension of the transformative capacity of Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) within the biotechnology sector. It guides conducting
responsible scientific research and deploying technology to advance societal and
environmental well-being.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr), Biotechnology Companies, Ethical Implications, Environmental Implications, Sustainable Pract
Publication Title Energy Storage Technologies and Their Economic Implications in Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://www.journal-innovations.com
Paper Link http://www.journal-innovations.com/
Publication Authors Molua, O.C, Ighrakpata, F C Ukpene, A.O & Egheneji, A
Year Published 2023-09-02
Abstract Abstract
The present study investigates various dimensions of energy storage technologies, integration of renewable
energy sources, and energy accessibility in Nigeria, explicitly emphasizing their economic ramifications. This
study examines historical data about energy generation costs and energy access in different regions of Nigeria to
identify significant patterns and obstacles. Examining energy generation expenses underscores various energy
sources' ecological and financial dimensions. Using natural gas and coal is associated with significant
environmental challenges primarily stemming from their substantial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. On the
other hand, renewable energy sources, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power, exhibit cost
competitiveness in electricity generation and minimal emissions. Nevertheless, the intermittent nature of
renewable energy requires implementing energy storage solutions. Hydropower has emerged as a financially
appealing alternative due to its historically low cost per kilowatt-hour (kWh). While energy storage has
historically been associated with higher costs, its significant role in facilitating the integration of renewable
energy sources and improving the stability of electrical grids is undeniable. The study's investigation into energy
access and generation in different regions of Nigeria exposes significant disparities in electricity access rates and
total generation capacities. Due to its substantial population and comparatively robust energy infrastructure,
Lagos confronts the possibility of encountering capacity deficiencies, notwithstanding its relatively elevated
access rate. Kano, a region known for its relatively low electricity access rate and significant population,
necessitates substantial capacity expansion to mitigate its energy deficit. Abuja exhibits a moderate level of
electricity access, indicating the presence of potential areas for enhancement to cater to its expanding
population adequately. Significantly, in alignment with sustainable energy objectives, there has been a notable
rise in renewable energy generation in Lagos, Kano, and Abuja. The findings above underscore the significant
importance of energy storage in bridging the gap between renewable energy sources and consistent supply,
particularly in densely populated regions such as Lagos, Kano, and Abuja. When contemplating the efficiency
and capacity that is necessary, These observations underscore the significance of making strategic investments
in energy storage technologies and renewable energy sources to enhance energy accessibility, enhance grid dependability, and foster sustainable development within Nigerian industries.
Publication Title Geophysical Assessment of Coastal Erosion in Nigeria's Coastal Regions: Strategies for Protection and Management
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJRISE
Publication Authors Molua. O. C* , Ukpene. A. O , Vwavware. J. O , Nwachuku. D. N , Osuhor. P. O
Year Published 2021-11-26
Abstract Abstract: The main purpose of this geophysical assessment was to learn as much as possible
about how coastal erosion happens in Nigeria's coastal areas. The end goal was to come up with
effective and efficient ways to manage and protect these areas. The research employed a variety
of geophysical methodologies, such as GPR, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and
bathymetric surveys, to collect essential data. GPR was utilized to examine the properties of soil
and sediment beneath the surface. This investigation unveiled regions where soil cohesion was
diminished, rendering them vulnerable to erosion. The organization ERT conducted a
comprehensive analysis to determine the scope of saltwater intrusion and the dynamics of
groundwater, with a specific focus on identifying areas susceptible to erosion. Bathymetric
surveys were conducted to evaluate alterations in submerged topography and shoreline
morphology over time, thereby elucidating patterns of shoreline regression. The assessments
yielded significant insights into the vulnerabilities of coastal erosion, revealing distinct
correlations among soil characteristics, saltwater intrusion, and shoreline alterations. The
findings above provide a basis for the formulation of specific strategies to preserve and oversee
Nigeria's susceptible coastal areas, thereby fostering the sustainable management of coastal ecosystems and ensuring the protection of coastal communities.
Publication Title Physics of Cooking: Heat Transfer and Nutritional Retention
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJRISE
Publication Authors O. C. Molua1 , A. O. Ukpene2*, Emagbetere. J. U3 , C. P. Ukpene4 , Apaokwueze. T.N5
Year Published 2022-02-03
Abstract Abstract: This article examines the field of culinary physics, investigating the complex
correlation between heat transfer in cooking procedures and its influence on the
nutritional content of food. By examining the mechanisms underlying heat transfer and
their impact on the preservation of nutritional content, this study can bring about a
transformative shift in culinary techniques. By attaining a state of balance between energy
efficiency, sensory appeal, and the retention of essential nutrients, this research can
revolutionize the field of cooking. This research endeavor's amalgamation of physics,
home economics, and biology presents opportunities for a more profound comprehension
of the culinary arts.
Publication Title Studying the Radioactive Isotopes Present in Drinking Water Sources and Evaluating Their Health Risks
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://www.journal-innovations.com/
Paper Link http://www.journal-innovations.com/
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2023-11-09
Abstract Abstract
Radioactive isotopes in drinking water and evaluations of associated health risks were the main focus of this
article. By thoroughly reviewing existing research and using rigorous sampling methods, the study examines
contamination levels, likely sources, and the health impacts of ingesting water with radioactive isotopes.
Monitoring and managing radioactive isotopes in drinking water for the protection of public health was highlighted.
Publication Title Sustainable Tourism and Ecosystem Conservation: Minimizing Impact on Fragile Ecosystems
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JSRTH
Publication Authors O.C. Molua* , A.O. Ukpene, T.N. Apaokueze , C.P.Ukpene , J.U. Emagbetere
Year Published 2023-10-03
Abstract Abstract: Sustainable tourism is crucial in safeguarding the world's fragile ecosystems.
This article investigates the development and implementation of sustainable tourism
practices to minimize the detrimental impact on these delicate environments. By studying
the physics of ecosystem dynamics, the biology of local flora and fauna, and hospitality
management techniques for eco-friendly tourism, we explore the vital connection between
responsible tourism and ecosystem conservation. This research highlights the importance of striking a balance between tourism development and the protection of our natural
heritage.
Publication Title The Influence of Indoor Air Quality on Hospitality Management: Examining Biological, Physical and Economic Factors
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JSRTH
Paper Link https://doi.org/10.55529/jsrth.35.39.51
Publication Authors O.C. Molua1* , A.O. Ukpene2 , J.C. Igborgbor3 , C.P.Ukpene4 , J.U. Emagbetere
Year Published 2023-08-10
Abstract Abstract: This article explores the complex domain of indoor air quality and its significant
impact on human health. This study examines the complex relationship between indoor
environments and well-being by exploring the interplay of biological factors (e.g., mold
and pollutants), physical aspects (e.g., ventilation systems), and the economic implications
of investing in home air quality improvements. This article highlights the importance of
collaborative research and innovation in addressing the intricate relationship between
biology, physics, and home economics to promote healthier living environments. It achieves this by synthesizing existing literature, employing interdisciplinary ethodologies,
and analyzing outcomes.
Publication Title Electronic Band Structure of Heavy Fermion Compound Cecoge2
Publication Type journal
Publisher HM publishers
Publication Authors Ataman Ose John, Molua Ogom Collins, Vwavware Oruaode Jude
Year Published 2023-10-10
Abstract Abstract: The following article provides a thorough examination of the electronic band
structure observed in heavy fermion compounds, which are a type of material that has
received considerable interest within the realm of condensed matter physics. The
compounds under consideration exhibit significantly high charge carrier masses, which
give rise to intriguing electronic phenomena when subjected to low temperatures. Through
the analysis of electronic band structures, valuable insights can be obtained regarding the
distinctive characteristics displayed by these captivating materials. The research centers on
the distinctive attributes and theoretical frameworks employed to elucidate the electronic
properties of the subjects under investigation. In this study, we present an introduction to
heavy fermions and their experimental manifestations, including the observation of
enhanced specific heat and low-temperature resistivity. The present study delves into the
theoretical examination of the Kondo effect, which involves the emergence of heavy quasiparticles resulting from the hybridization process between localized f-electrons and
conduction electrons. This paper examines the utilization of band structure calculations
and various spectroscopic techniques, including angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy (ARPES), inelastic neutron scattering, and transport measurements. The
experimental results demonstrate the presence of hybridization gaps, the characteristics of
the Fermi surface topology, and the occurrence of spin fluctuations. This study investigates
the effects of crystal symmetry, spin-orbit coupling, and external perturbations on the
electronic band structure. Specifically, it explores how these factors influence hybridization
strength, Fermi surface topology, and quantum phase transitions. The abstract provides a
concise overview of the existing knowledge, acknowledges the obstacles encountered, and
proposes potential avenues for further investigation. The significance of this research lies
in its ability to elucidate the fundamental principles of heavy fermion compounds, as well as explore their potential practical implications
Publication Title Bio-Inspired Architecture for Energy-Efficient Homes: Blending Nature and Innovation
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JEET
Publication Authors Ukpene A. O, Emagbetere J. B, Molua O. C, Ukpene C. P, Akpaokueze T. N
Year Published 2023-02-15
Abstract Abstract: Bio-inspired architecture synthesizes innovative design principles and natural
elements, paving the way for a sustainable and interconnected future. It requires
interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, scientists, engineers, and economists to
advance innovation. Establishing robust research frameworks is crucial for enhancing the
precision and effectiveness of bio-inspired designs. Public awareness campaigns, policy
incentives, and educational initiatives are essential for societal transformation and
promoting sustainable lifestyles. Governments and organizations can promote the
integration of bio-inspired concepts into conventional architectural practices through
incentives, grants, and certifications. This collaborative effort can promote energy-efficient
and biophilic designs, advancing societal well-being and environmental stewardship. Bioinspired architecture goes beyond conventional construction practices, representing a
philosophy that values nature's wisdom and envisions a state of balanced cohabitation. The
journey towards energy-efficient, well-being-promoting, and economically accessible
homes is continuous, offering a future where architecture promotes healing, sustainability,
and inspiration.
Publication Title USING THE MANN- WHITNEY U TEST NON-PARAMETRIC TOOL TO INVESTIGATE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN BENIN METROPOLITAN CIT
Publication Type journal
Publisher COOU Journal of Physical Sciences
Paper Link http://www.coou.edu.ng/
Publication Authors Morka, J.C, Molua, O.C & Nwachuku, D.N
Year Published 2022-06-21
Abstract This study investigates variability in the micro climate of Benin Metropolis within the period
of six years 1980-1985 and 2000 -2005 using temperature as the principal parameter.
Secondary data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency Benin Airport and
Nigerian Institute For Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) Benin, were subjected to Mann-Whitney U
rank statistics to test for the significant variation. The result obtained showed that there were
significant differences in the mean of temperature between 1980 — 1985 and 200-2005 (U =
32.000, SE = 4.233. p value = 0.002). It is recommended that,the public should be enlightened
and educated by the regulatory authority regarding the danger of global warming by providing
collaboration among all institutions and organization.
Publication Title Characterizing the Sorption and Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Spider Webs: A Physics-Based Approach
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Research In Science & Engineering (IJRISE) having E-ISSN: 2394-8299 P-ISSN: 2394-8280
Publication Authors Molua. O. C1*, Ukpene. A. O2 , Onyeyela. N. K , Emagbetere. J. U
Year Published 2021-08-23
Abstract Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present indoor air contaminants with inherent health hazards. The current study looks into the physical processes that cause
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to stick to and build up in spider webs. Using
controlled experiments and mathematical modelling, our objective is to establish a
comprehensive comprehension of the physics underlying the process of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) adsorption on spider silk. This study exhibits potential for improving passive
monitoring systems to evaluate indoor air quality.
Publication Title SEISMIC HAZARD ASSESSMENTS FOR NIGERIA'S URBAN CENTERS
Publication Type journal
Publisher Earth Sciences Pakistan (ESP)
Publication Authors Molua O Collins, Jude O Vwavware and Ossai Chukwunwike
Year Published 2024-02-03
Abstract Extensive growth in development, urbanization, and population has exacted more pressure on the availability
and quality of groundwater resources. Human effort has been directed at solving groundwater scarcity in a
crystalline basement rock environment, through the identification of joints, cracks, fractures, faults, and
weathered materials that may exhibit favourable disposition to groundwater accumulation for water
sustainability. This research applied Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in the context of Analytical
Hierarchical Process (AHP) to geoelectric parameters to model Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZ) in the
Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The Electrical Resistivity method was adopted using 2D
Resistivity Tomography and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) utilizing Schlumberger configuration. 2D
Resistivity Tomography was delineated to determine vertical and lateral ranges in apparent resistivity of the
subsurface geological properties favourable to groundwater accumulation and development. Eight (18) VES
were acquired across the study area. The iterated VES results were used to generate geoelectric sections,
maps, and second-order parameters. The MCDA in the context of the AHP technique was used to assign scores
to various contributing parameters based on their relative contribution to groundwater potential. The GWPZ
was generated by incorporating the selected and weighting seven important defined variables (Coefficient of
anisotropy, overburden thickness, aquifer resistivity, aquifer thickness, storativity, transmissivity, and
hydraulic conductivity) in the Surfer 12 environment in reflection to their groundwater availability. The
groundwater potential was categorized into high, moderate, low, and very low. Very low to low groundwater
potential characterized the entire study area, occupying 75% with moderate to high occupying 25%. The
finding revealed that the study area was characterized by very low to low groundwater potential. This
research will assist in the development and monitoring of groundwater occurrences by decision
policymakers to improve recharge techniques, especially in very low and low groundwater recharge zones.
Publication Title UNDERSTANDING THE GAMMA RAY LOG AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN FORMATION ANALYSIS
Publication Type journal
Publisher Earth Sciences Pakistan (ESP)
Paper Link Earth Sciences Pakistan (ESP)
Publication Authors Collins O Molua
Year Published 2024-03-03
Abstract Gamma-ray log interpretation is an exploration technique that provides significant information about
lithology, mineral constituents, pore size, and water content during oil and gas exploration. This study uses
gamma-ray log analysis to identify lithology, discriminate faults and fractures, and estimate water saturation
and porosity in the Nigerian petroleum region. We acquired gamma-ray logs using specialized logging
equipment fitted with scintillation detectors. The raw data was processed and calibrated to obtain gammaray values in API units. Interpretation involved comparing measured values to standard shale and sandstone
references, identifying lithological changes, and identifying potential reservoir locations. Gamma-ray logs
were combined with other well logs, such as resistivity, neutron, and density, for comprehensive formation
evaluation. The analysis of gamma-ray logs in Nigerian oil fields revealed promising results. Higher gammaray readings effectively distinguished shale-rich intervals (up to 96.234 API units at 143.123 meters depth)
from potential hydrocarbon-bearing zones. Clean sandy areas with low gamma-ray values (65.432 API units
at 100.234 meters depth) indicated high porosity and permeability reservoirs. Variability in gamma-ray
trends across depth intervals (ranging from 4.567 to 9.567 API units) suggested lithological changes and
stratigraphic boundaries. Gamma-ray log analysis has proven invaluable in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.
It contributes to well depth identification, defining zones with shale potential, exploring hydrocarbon
reservoirs and mapping stratigraphic layers, as well as optimizing post-well development plans. The fusion
of gamma-ray logs with other well logs will help one have a deeper understanding of the subsurface geological
characteristics. Determining how to manage resources for development and sustainability requires this
understanding.
Publication Title Analysis and Simulation of Landslide Processes and Methods of Prevention
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJASM
Publication Authors Collins O Molua and Fidelia C Ighrakpata
Year Published 2022-02-10
Abstract Abstract: Landslides are some of the significant threats in the world's steep and unstable
terrains, especially in the areas of the African continent, including Enugu and Abakaliki
in the Southeastern part of Nigeria. It is, therefore, essential to identify the causes of
landslides so as to be in a position to prevent the hazards. This research work aimed to use
a holistic approach in the evaluation of landslide susceptibility, where data acquisition was
done using rainfall gauges, soil moisture sensors, and a geographic position system (GPS)
inclinometer. Various statistical techniques, such as correlation analysis and thresholding
techniques, were used to determine the relationship between the rainfall intensity, the
degree of soil moisture, and ground movement. The investigation established that there
existed a significant relationship between enhanced rainfall intensity level and the elevated
possibility of landslides in the analyzed region. The climatic parameters were analyzed to
determine critical thresholds: rainfall amount where soil moisture level increases; 20
mm/day was found to cause an increase in the ground movement and thus increase the
susceptibility of landslides. Other specifics, like the maximum recorded Rainfall of twentyfour, have been taken into consideration. On January 7th, the decrease was recorded at 1
mm/day; the level of soil moisture was recorded at 36%, while the ground movement was
recorded at 6.5mm, which can be considerable enough to be classified within the
"Critical" alarm level. In relation to the study findings, there is need to adopt improved
monitoring systems as well as Acute Management Risk Plans to check on all landslides in
both Enugu and Abakaliki. The presented research outcomes are relevant to the general
understanding of landslide activity in tropical areas and the development of appropriate
resilience interventions.
Publication Title Comparison of Various Types of Seismic Hazard Assessment and their Influence on Structural Vulnerability
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of applied and structural mechanics
Publication Authors Collins O. Molua* , John C Morka
Year Published 2022-05-23
Abstract Abstract: This work sought at enhancing techniques for the assessment of seismic risk in
order to understand displacement effects and impacts of different seismic hazard
estimation techniques on structural vulnerability. The analysis is useful because the
number of earthquakes around the world is on the rise, and there is a necessity to eliminate
the potential threat. Weighted Average of Ground Motion intensities was used to determine
hazard parameters, along with PSHA and DSHA. The information regarding seismicity
was collected from the regional networks and catalogs with the help of geotechnical
investigation for site characteristics. An assessment of structural resilience was
accomplished with building inventories and retrofit projects data with the help of FEA for
computational modeling. The degree of earthquake was recorded to be from 4. 5 to 7. 5
Mw, with PGA ranging from 0 to 0. 2 to 0. 3g. During preliminary screening, Sites were
ranked into high PSA and low PSA divides as well as Low Seismic Hazard and Medium to
High Seismic Hazard. These retrofitting measures such as base isolation and
strengthening further improved performance of buildings, in that they reduced peak drift
ratios by up to 50% and, base shear force capacity by 30% of average value. The
Effectiveness Index of retrofitting work varied from 0. 732 to 0. 912, from which one can
draw the conclusion concerning appreciable enhancements of earthquake resistance. The
study thereby laid a foundation to prove that it is possible to reduce the seismic risk by
using the advanced hazard analysis methods and based on these analyses, some systematic
retrofit interventions are effective enough in achieving the objective of sustainable urban
development. The conclusions derived in this paper present quantitative information
relevant for understanding actions toward earthquake prevention in vulnerable territories.
Publication Title Dynamic Analysis of Soil-Structure Interaction in Earthquake-Prone Areas
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJASM
Publication Authors Collins O Molua and John O Ataman
Year Published 2021-10-21
Abstract Abstract: This study used a thorough experimental method to examine the dynamic
interaction between soil and structures in earthquake-prone locations. The study challenge
concentrated on how different soil types and configurations influence the diversity of
structural reactions under seismic loading conditions. The research utilized a mixedmethods approach, which involved quantitatively analyzing soil parameters and assessing
structure dynamics. The methods employed included the creation of scaled replicas depicting
common architectural structures situated on various soil types, including sandy, clayey, and
mixed compositions. We used high-precision sensors to record ground motion
characteristics such as Acceleration, velocity, and Displacement. The data was then
evaluated using statistical methods such as ANOVA and regression analysis. The results
revealed substantial differences in the structural reaction based on the type of soil and the
parameters of the structure. Structures built on sandy soils saw greater peak accelerations
(up to 0.170 g) but smaller displacements. On the other hand, structures on clayey soils had
moderate accelerations (up to 0.140 g) but had bigger inter-story drifts. The varied soil
layers, ranging from 1.500 Hz to 1.780 Hz, influenced the natural frequencies of the
buildings. The damping ratios ranged from 5.000% to 7.800%, indicating that structural
damping effectively reduces seismic forces. The results emphasized the critical importance
of the interaction between soil and structures in seismic design and the necessity for
customized engineering solutions based on the individual soil conditions at the site.
Suggested measures include improving methods for soil characterization, optimizing
structural dynamics using cutting-edge dampening technologies, and upgrading seismic
design codes to enhance the ability of structures to withstand earthquakes in places prone to
seismic activity.
Publication Title Technological Solution for Improving Structural Performance and Resilience of Buildings in Seismic Zone
Publication Type journal
Publisher HM publishers
Publication Authors Collins O Molua and John O Ataman
Year Published 2023-03-30
Abstract Abstract: Its purpose is to assess novelty materials and technologies to increase the stability
of structures in seismo-active zones. The research relates to the post-earthquake
requirement for reconstructing structures and infrastructures that could stand the deadly
phenomena that have ravaged many parts of the world. New and improved materials were
researched and experimented with, including high-performance concrete, FRP or fiberreinforced polymers, self-healing concrete, and hi-tech anchorages. The compressive
strength of the reinforced concrete slab was determined through a universal testing
machine. In contrast, the tensile strength and % elongation at the Break of FRP were
determined using an Instron machine. Data analyses involved variance analysis (ANOVA)
and regression to analyze the performance of the used material. The healing efficiency of
the self-healing materials, as identified in the study, ranged from 85 percent. 123% to 99.
789%, while the healing time varies between 7-21 days. 123 to 11. 789 days. The observed
enhancement of tensile strength of all FRPs under investigation ranged between 180 and
240: 789 and high UV resistance scores with an average of 9. 456. EI-based and PB
anchoring systems demonstrated that Von Mises' stress load capacity variations stood
between 100. 123 kN to 240. This was 789 kN, while corrosion resistance scores for all the
tires examined in this study averaged 8. 567. The breakdown of the cost difference
indicated an inconsistency that ranged between N50. 123/kg to N68. 789/kg. From the
findings, it is evident that there is an understanding of how the improved materials
promoted can improve structural capacity in cases of seismic activity. Therefore, the study
offers valuable information on material choice and use while urging building officials to
incorporate these components in their codes and standards for constructing earthquake resistant structures in the regions most vulnerable to this phenomenon.
Publication Title Effects of GSM Phone Radiation on Sleep Quality
Publication Type journal
Publisher http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JHTD
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JHTD
Publication Authors Collins O Molua and Anthony O Ukpene
Year Published 2024-04-21
Abstract This study examines the correlation between exposure to GSM phone radiation
and the quality of sleep in subjects. A varied group of 15 adults between the ages of 18 and
65 was selected, with demographic information gathered in addition to objective and
subjective sleep measurements. Specialized equipment was used to monitor GSM phone
radiation levels, while sleep quality was evaluated using polysomnography (PSG) devices and
self-reported sleep diaries. Correlation analyses showed substantial links between GSM
phone radiation exposure and different sleep metrics such as total sleep time, sleep onset
delay, sleep efficiency, and subjective sleep quality ratings. Higher levels of GSM phone
radiation were linked to longer total sleep lengths and longer sleep onset latencies, as well as
worse sleep efficiency and poorer subjective sleep quality. The results emphasize the
significance of examining how mobile phone use can affect sleep quality and emphasize the
necessity for additional study to clarify the underlying mechanisms and determine causation.
Publication Title Investigating the Role of Geospatial Technologies in Enhancing Precision Agriculture: An Exploration of Productivity Optimization and Environmental Sustainability
Publication Type journal
Publisher SARPO
Publication Authors Collins Molua
Year Published 2024-07-04
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study investigated the impact of geospatial technologies in precision agriculture to increase resource
efficiency and reduce environmental impact through mixed methods. Farmers developed concepts were
also analyzed. A quantitative analysis of studies found that the adoption rate of GPS-GIS technology is
increasing among farmers, and essential improvements in soil nutrient utilization and crop yields were
found under precision agricultural practices. Qualitative insights revealed multidimensional advantages and
challenges associated with using technology, highlighting the role of systems and supports. Findings provide
valuable evidence for existing knowledge and advocate integrated approaches and collaborative efforts to
advance sustainable agricultural practices. The study concluded and provided suggestions for future
research and policy development, emphasizing the significance of innovation, resilience, and stakeholder
engagement in creating the future of precision agriculture.
Publication Title Understanding the Biomechanics of MusculoSkeletal Injuries in High-Risk Environmental Conditions
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Nursing Research, Patient Safety and Practise ISSN: 2799-1210
Publication Authors Collins Molua Ogom and Anthony Ossai Ukpene
Year Published 2024-02-01
Abstract Abstract: The present study examines the biomechanics of musculoskeletal injuries in
high-risk environmental conditions by thoroughly analyzing diverse data sources and
employing various methodologies. This study utilizes motion analysis, force sensor
measurements, computer simulations, and biomechanical testing to examine the various
factors contributing to musculoskeletal injuries. The analysis of motion indicates that
specific tests, namely varus test, impose considerably greater biomechanical stress, thereby
emphasizing their susceptibility to causing injuries. The force sensor data reveals that
pressure mapping system is responsible for exerting the highest force, raising concerns
regarding its potential impact on the risk of injury. According to computer simulations,
various injury risks are associated with different conditions, with load carriage exhibiting
the highest risk. The analysis of joint stability during biomechanical testing reveals
discrepancies in joint stability levels across different tasks. Outliers within the dataset
highlight tasks that exhibit notable concerns regarding joint stability. Moreover,
supplementary motion analysis data about various task variants, such as Sulcus sign and
vasus stress test unveils distinct variations that lead to heightened levels of biomechanical
stress. The discoveries mentioned above offer valuable perspectives on the biomechanical
foundations of musculoskeletal injuries in environments with elevated risk levels. The
aforementioned findings emphasize the necessity of implementing focused interventions,
enhancing equipment design, and implementing heightened safety measures to reduce the
risks of injury effectively. The present study establishes a fundamental basis for subsequent
research endeavors and proposes approaches designed to safeguard the welfare of
individuals operating in demanding contexts.
Publication Title Health Impact of Indoor Air Quality: Biological, Physical and Economic Considerations
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal Healthcare Treatment Development(JHTD)
Publication Authors A.O.Ukpene, O.C. Molua, C.P. Ukpene, J.U. Emagbetere, J.C. Igbogbor
Year Published 2023-12-21
Abstract Abstract: This article delves into the intricate realm of indoor air quality and its substantial
influence on human health. This research investigates the intricate correlation between
indoor environments and individuals' well-being by analyzing the interaction of biological
elements (such as mold and pollutants), physical aspects (such as ventilation systems), and
the economic ramifications of investing in enhancements to home air quality. This article
emphasizes the significance of collaborative research and innovation in addressing the
complex interplay between biology, physics, and home economics to promote healthier
living environments. This is accomplished by synthesizing extant literature, employing
methodologies from multiple disciplines, and analyzing the resulting outcomes.
Publication Title Geo-electric groundwater potentials and vulnerability to contaminants for sustanable water management at Utue-Ogume, Delta State, Nigeria.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Geology and Geophysics of Russian South
Paper Link Geology and Geophysics of Russian South
Publication Authors D.A. Ogwu , O.C. Molua , T.C. Irunkwor , J.O. Ataman , M. Edobor , A.O. Ukpene , A.O. Egheneji
Year Published 2024-02-28
Abstract Abstract: Relevance. The study focuses on assessing groundwater potentials and the effectiveness of the overburden protective layer in preventing contaminant intrusion into the groundwater aquifer within a municipal- ity in the Western Niger Delta. Aim. Employing Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), 2-D resistivity imaging, and Dar-zarrouk parameters, the research aims to investigate the geoelectric characteristics of the subsurface layers, delineate the aquiferous layer, and assess the protective capacity of the overburden. Methods. Nine VES were conducted using the Mini-Res Resistivity Meter with the Schlumberger array. Data processing utilized IPI2win software, revealing seven to eight geoelectric layers. The aquiferous layer, situated between the fifth and sixth layers, exhibited varying resistivity (924.9?m to 1629?m), thickness (34.52 m to 79.20 m), and depth (55.95 m to 106.00 m). Results. Dar-zarrouk hydraulic parameters (hydraulic conductivity, longitudinal conductance, transverse resistance, and transmissivity) were derived from aquifer resistivity and thickness. Hydraulic con- ductivity ranged from 6.55 m/day to 6.80m/day, transmissivity from 228.5 m²/day to 538.6 m²/day, longitudinal conductance from 0.031?– ¹ to 0.076?– ¹, and transverse resistance from 37385.1?m² to 129016.8?m². Zones with contrasting parameter values were identified. Conclusion. The overburden protective layer was rated as having poor capacity, rendering the aquifer highly vulnerable to contaminants. Conversely, the aquifer demon- strated potential for providing portable water, reflecting subsurface heterogeneity and ample hydraulic pressure. A recommended hydrochemical study will further assess water portability.
Publication Title High End Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Integration and its Application in Precision Mineral Exploration
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Image Processing and Intelligent Remote Sensing ISSN 2815-0953
Paper Link 4 http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JIPIRS DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jipirs.44.41.54
Publication Authors Doris N. Nwachuku , Collins O Molua
Year Published 2024-07-27
Abstract Abstract: The objective of this research was to determine the degree of efficiency of the
enhanced multi-sensor remote sensing integration in the context of the precision mineral
search. The research focused on the issue of how to increase the accuracy of mineral
detection and at the same time decrease cost and bearing on the nature. This paper utilized
remote sensing data analysis with additional qualitative geoscientific interpretation in an
integrated manner based on both quantitative and qualitative research design. Multispectral
images from Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, hyperspectral from AVIRIS, HyMap, SAR from
Sentinel-1 and LiDAR were fused using machine learning too including Convolutional
Neural Networks and Random Forests. Sampling was done in the field with two field
portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, and several field spectroradiometers. Results
showed a 17. Higher true positive detection rates of mineral deposits by 5% as compared to
the single sensor approaches. This combined approach indicated 30 per cent more potential
exploration targets compared to the traditional approach while it reduced the preliminary
field costs by forty-five per cent. Multi temporal image analysis with chronological sequence
display showed minute signs of mineralization in desert country. Surveys regarding the
environmental effects proved that First Nations incurred only 40% of the impact that might
be caused by conventional exploration strategies. A great extent of economic analysis shown
that large-scale surveys could enhance the return of investment up to 32%. Nevertheless,
constraints were noted when the thickness of the overburden was huge. Based on the
findings of this study, the proposed IMS RS is found to improve mineral exploration
productivity and reliability and is a more sustainable model in the identification of resources.
Some suggestions are to use this technology in most exploration phases and further study of
the way on how to do the sensor fusion.
Publication Title Analyzing the Relationship between Soil Properties and Crop Productivity Using Geophysics and Statistical Models
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Agriculture & Forestry Research
Paper Link www.sarpo.net
Publication Authors Molua,O.C., Ukpene, A.O., Vwavware, J.O.Emagbetere, J.U., Ighrapata, F.C.
Year Published 2023-12-22
Abstract ABSTRACT
Agronomists and researchers have demonstrated persistent interest in examining the relationship between
soil properties and crop productivity with the objective of improving agricultural practices. The application of
geophysics and statistical models offers valuable techniques for analyzing the complex nature of this
relationship. This article investigated the application of geophysical techniques and statistical models to
understand the impact of soil properties on agricultural productivity. It thoroughly examined the main factors
that influence this relationship through an extensive analysis of existing literature. The results showed that
there was correlation between crop yield and soil nutrient level, soil texture, pH level and increased electrical
conductivity. The study further recorded that electrical resistivity increased with greater depth due to further
dryness in the soil. The study's findings and analyses made valuable contributions to improving agricultural
methodologies and increasing crop productivity, while also prioritizing the preservation of sustainable soil
management techniques.
Publication Title Modelling the transport and fate of waterborne pathogens for enhanced water quality and public health protection
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)
Paper Link http://www.innspub.net
Publication Authors OC. Molua, CN. Isibor, TN. Apaokueze, JO. Vwavware
Year Published 2023-12-12
Abstract Abstract
This research delves into the intricate dynamics of waterborne pathogens and their influence on water quality
and public health protection. The study's primary objective is to unveil the mechanisms governing the
transport and fate of these pathogens in various water bodies, utilizing a robust methodology that combines
data collection, statistical analysis, mathematical modelling, and geographic information systems. The data
encompass pathogen concentrations, water quality parameters, and other relevant variables collected across
diverse locations, depths, and downstream areas. A rigorous preprocessing and validation process ensures the
quality and integrity of the data, while normalization provides consistency for meaningful analysis. The results
of our study offer illuminating insights into the interactions between water quality parameters and pathogen
concentrations. Statistical analyses reveal significant associations, which have implications for understanding
pathogen behaviour's temporal and spatial trends. Mathematical models, validated against the data, provide a
comprehensive framework for simulating the transport and fate of waterborne pathogens. Spatial analysis
using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) helps pinpoint areas of concern and potential contamination
sources, further enhancing the study's utility. The findings yield practical recommendations for improving
water quality and public health protection, encompassing strategies for mitigating pathogen contamination
and enhancing water quality management. This research advances our knowledge of waterborne pathogen
dynamics and serves as a practical resource for water quality professionals, public health agencies, and
environmental scientists. By elucidating the intricate interplay between pathogens, ecological parameters, and
public health, this study contributes to enhancing water quality and safeguarding public health, reinforcing
the importance of rigorous scientific research in these critical domains.
Publication Title Characterizing the Sorption and Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Spider Webs: A Physics-Based Approach
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering
Paper Link International Journal of Research in Science & EngineeringDOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/ijrise
Publication Authors Molua. O. C*, Ukpene. A. O, Onyeyela. N. K, Emagbetere. J. U
Year Published 2021-09-26
Abstract Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present indoor air contaminants
with inherent health hazards. The current study looks into the physical processes that cause
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to stick to and build up in spider webs. Using
controlled experiments and mathematical modelling, our objective is to establish a
comprehensive comprehension of the physics underlying the process of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) adsorption on spider silk. This study exhibits potential for improving passive
monitoring systems to evaluate indoor air quality.
Publication Title Advanced Image Processing for Archaeological Site Identification, Management, and Conservation
Publication Type journal
Publisher
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JIPIRS DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jipirs.45.1.14
Publication Authors Collins O Molua
Year Published 2024-08-10
Abstract Abstract: The aim of this study was to provide archaeological site identification, monitoring,
and conservation through advanced imaging techniques. The research problem addressed
the challenge of using modern technology to effectively identify and preserve archaeological
sites. We employed various methods such as lidar, satellite imagery, UAV photogrammetry,
GPR, and machine learning algorithms. We collected LiDAR data using an airborne
scanner to capture fine-grained geological information. Satellite images from Digital Globe
and Airbus provided detailed information, while UAVs equipped with photogrammetry
sensors produced detailed 3D images. The subsurface features were mapped using
downward radar surveys. Machine learning algorithms, including support vector machines
and neural networks, were used to process the data for feature recognition and
classification. We evaluated algorithm performance using statistical tools like accuracy
assessments and error rates. The results demonstrated significant advancements in site
detection accuracy. Algorithm D achieved the highest accuracy of 93.567%, with low false
positive (2.456%) and false negative (3.978%) rates, highlighting its effectiveness in
identifying archaeological features. Integration of multi-sensor data improved spatial
resolution and feature recognition across diverse landscapes. The research contributes to
the field by demonstrating the potential of advanced imaging in archaeology, facilitating
more accurate and effective site identification and conservation.
Publication Title Assessment of VLF Data Inversion Techniques for Aquifer Parameter Estimation
Publication Type journal
Publisher Bulgarian Journal of Physics
Publication Authors Collins O Molua
Year Published 2024-08-23
Abstract Abstract. This study investigates the efficacy of Very Low Frequency (VLF)
records inversion strategies for estimating aquifer parameters, especially hydraulic conductivity and porosity, in coastal regions liable to saltwater intrusion.
The research method includes records collection via VLF surveys, the utility of
inversion algorithms, and comparative analysis of results. VLF records amassed
from diverse locations were processed using least-squares and simulated annealing inversion methods to estimate aquifer parameters. Results suggest that at the
same time as each technique offers constant estimations of hydraulic conductivity and porosity, simulated annealing inversion demonstrates stepped-forward
accuracy in regions stimulated with the aid of saltwater intrusion. Spatial evaluation exhibits clustering of anomalous responses, helping in centred investigations of hydrogeological features. Overall, the study contributes precious insights into the reliability of VLF statistics inversion strategies for aquifer characterization, improving our expertise in groundwater dynamics and informing
sustainable water resource control strategies.
Publication Title Investigating background ionising radiation in some selected locations in Agbor metropolis
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Energy Engineering and Thermodynamics ISSN 2815-0945
Publication Authors C.O., Molua, K., Eseka, A.O. Ukpene
Year Published 2022-06-09
Abstract Abstract: The level of background indoor and outdoor ionizing radiation doses were measured
in 15 different locations in Agbor, Delta State of Nigeria, with the aid of an inspector alert
nuclear radiation meter. The recorded indoor ionizing radiation rangedfrom 0.114 µSv/hr
to 0.271 µSv/hr with a mean value of 0.189 ± 0.04 µSv/hr. DDPA peaked at 0.271± 0.08
µSv/hr. Outdoor radiation levels on the other hand ranged from
0.110 µSv/hr to 0.256 µSv/hr with a mean value of 1.80 ± 0.05 µSv/hr. Model laboratory
recorded the highest outdoor radiation dose value of 0.256 ± 0.03 µSv/hr. These values were
all below the allowable limit set by UNSCEAR. Furthermore, the ambient BIR levels obtained
in all the locations studied were equally below the ambient BIR allowable limit of
0.13 mR/h. The calculated annual effective dose rates value E0 (indoor) for the locations
studied were variable, while the annual effective dose rate E1 (outdoor) obtained for all the
locations studied were less than the standard limit of 1.00 mSv/yr, making the latterlocations
to be radiological safe for human habitation without constituting notable health hazards.
Publication Title Environmental Pollution Potential of Dumpsite Using Very Low Frequency (VLF) Electromagnetic Method.
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors Onwuka, F.O, Ujuanbi O & Molua O C
Year Published 2011-05-23
Abstract ABSTRACT
As a result of human activities, waste products
are generated as a matter of necessity. Attempts
at waste disposal give rise to landfills, and
dumpsites, among other methods. These can
contain undesirable materials such as metals
and toxic chemicals that can cause pollution of
air, soil, and water. In this study, very low
frequency electromagnetic (VLF) method was
used to map the contamination plumes, and
detect the seepage path at the Ibusa-Road
dumpsite in Asaba, Delta State of Nigeria. The
geographical position was determined and VLF
readings were taken in three traverses using the
WADI (VLF) system manufactured by ABEM.
The data obtained were plotted and the
interpretation showed some significant
conductive zones associated with contamination
plumes.
Publication Title Well Logging a viable tool in exploration (A case study of well 2 of Koko field of Niger-Delta, Nigeria)
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors Collins O Molua
Year Published 2012-04-25
Abstract ABSTRACT
Well-2 of Koko field was drilled as an exploratory well, and various analytical tests aimed at
determining the petrochemical characteristics of the reservoir sand, was utilized in the
evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospect of the area. The gamma ray log,
resistivety/inductivity log, compensated neutron were used in getting the above information,
through the identification of the various lithologic units present in the well. From the
information got from the various logs, it can be inferred that the hydrocarbon prospect of the
area is low at the present depth of investigation.
Publication Title The processing and preservation of biogas by utilizing cow manure
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online)
Paper Link http://www.innspub.net
Publication Authors CO Molua, DA Ogwu, AO Ukpene, M Edobor, JO Ataman
Year Published 2023-07-13
Abstract Abstract
This study focused on the generation of biogas from cow dung, specifically examining the anaerobic production
process using 10kg of cow dung as input. The results indicated that the amount of biogas produced was directly
proportional to the quantity of dung used. A cumulative volume of 35.63m2 was obtained, with an average daily
production of 7.5m2
, suggesting the process was in its final stage. Additionally, the findings revealed that biogas
production is influenced by the quantity of dung employed, meaning that a larger amount of dung can potentially
yield a greater quantity of biogas. It is recommended that governments in developing countries encourage private
organizations to engage in large-scale biogas production and incorporate its development into rural energy policies,
considering the abundant availability of cow dung, the primary raw material for biogas production.
Publication Title Analysis of electrical resistivity data for the determination of aquifer depth at Sapele RD in Benin-city
Publication Type journal
Publisher Pelagia Research Library
Paper Link www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins, Igherighe C. Edwin and Eseka Kenneth
Year Published 2013-06-30
Abstract ABSTRACT
The importance of groundwater cannot be overemphasized. For this reason, the exploration for water and its
purification is therefore a vital aspect of Geophysics. The resistivity method of surveying was carried out for the
study of underground aquifer at Sapele road in Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria. Data were acquired using the ABEM
Terrameter 300B using the Schlumberger array. Two locations were considered, and for each location, the vertical
electrical sounding was used to obtain readings for resistance and the apparent resistivities. The results obtained
showed that water bearing formation for the two survey areas, was found at depths of 17.98m for VES 1 and 32.43m
for VES 2.
Publication Title Utilizing Mud-Logging as a Tool for Exploration: A Case Study of Kushi-20 oil well in Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Paper Link http://www.akamaiuniversity.us/PJST.htm
Publication Authors Molua O. Collins (Ph.D) Ighrakpata C. Fidelia (M.Sc.)Onwuka. F Onwuka(Ph.D)
Year Published 2012-11-27
Abstract ABSTRACT
Mud-logging as exploration tool involves the
acquisition of samples from the shale shaker for
quantitative and qualitative analysis to detect
hydrocarbon presence. At the Kushi–20 well,
mud-logging was done using water-base and oilbase mud to give lithological break down and
hydrocarbon shows of the well. Conclusively,
mud-logging as a relevant tool in the oil and gas
well drilling was stressed and was recommended
for use in drilling exploratory, development and
appraisal wells since it provides relevant
information about the hydrocarbon content of the
well and the sub-surface formation.
Publication Title Day-To-Day Variability in Some Ionospheric Parameters in the Quiet Equatorial Ionosphere.(A case study: Ionospheric Critical Frequency of the E-Region F0E)
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, Volume 3(5), ISSN: 2394-9333
Publication Authors Morka J.C, Molua O.C and Nwachuku D.N
Year Published 2016-10-21
Abstract Abstract :
Day-to-Day Variability is some ionospheric parameters in the quiet equatorial ionosphere, case study: foE is hereby presented. The diurnal variation curve of foE showed a symmetrical one with a peak value at noon. The seasonal variation curve of the foE has two maximum points in the months of April and August. It is also shown that for short time variation, the day-to-day variability in the E-region of the ionospheric critical frequency, foE is not due to season nor relative sunspot number Rz. The test of significance carried out between the standard errors of foE before and after correction showed no significant difference at 95% level of significance.
Publication Title Levels of temperature and electrical conductivity of ground water in Sapele local government area of delta state, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher (Elixir International Journal)
Paper Link Available online at www.elixirjournal.org
Publication Authors Emagbetere, J.U and C.O Molua
Year Published 2012-04-29
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study is to know the levels of temperature and electrical conductivity of Groundwater.
Temperature increase was recently considered as a serious water pollutant. The known
sources that modestly increase the temperature of groundwater are municipal wastes,
industrial effluents and biochemical activities. Electrical conductivity which is the ability of
water to conduct electricity is also related to the concentration of ionized substance in water.
The ions that have major influence on the conductivity of groundwater are H+
, Na+
, Mg2+.
Ca2+., Cl.-.
SO4 2-. Samples of borehole water were collected around Sapele L.G.A and were
analytically assessed to ascertain the physicochemical characteristics. Results obtained
shows that Temperature range between 14oC – 30oC and electrical conductivity range of 23.00 – 400.00 us/cm and were found to be within the world health organization (WHO) desirable and maximum levels.
Publication Title Optimization Of Biogas Production From Tree Waste Materials For Bioresource Recovery
Publication Type journal
Publisher FUDMA Journal of Sciences (FJS)
Publication Authors Molua, O. C., * Ukpene, A. O., Ighrakpata, F. C., 1Nwachuku, D. N., 1Ogwu, D. A. and Edobor, M
Year Published 2023-12-15
Abstract Biogas production from waste biomass has gained significant attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional fossil fuels. This study investigated the potential of using tree waste materials for biogas production and optimizing the process parameters. A lab-scale anaerobic digester was used to evaluate the biogas generation potential of tree trimmings and sawdust. Different process parameters, including the substrate-to-inoculum ratio, temperature, and pH, were varied to optimize the biogas yield. We also analyzed the chemical composition of the feedstock and the digestate to assess nutrient recovery potential. The results showed that tree trimmings and sawdust are suitable feedstocksfor biogas production, with a maximum biogas yield of 228.4 mL CH4/g VS added obtained at a substrate-to-inoculum ratio of 2:1 and a temperature of 35°C. The nutrient analysis showed that the digestate obtained from the anaerobic digestion process is a rich source of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which can be used as fertilizer.
Publication Title Quantum Mechanics and Cellular Biology: A Holistic Approach to Remote Work and Achieving Work-Life Balance
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Theoretical and Environmental Physics (NJTEP)
Publication Authors Ukpene, A. O. Molua, O. C, Igborgbor, J. C , Vwavware, J. O, Emagbetere, J. U. and Nwachuku, D. N
Year Published 2023-12-13
Abstract In this groundbreaking study, an exploration is made of the nexus of quantum mechanics, cellular biology, and the dynamic landscape of remote work. Drawing parallels between the microscopic principles governing quantum phenomena and the intricate processes within cellular biology, we unveil a tapestry of insights that offer profound implications for achieving work-life balance in the digital age. The study synthesizes theoretical frameworks and practical strategies through a comprehensive methodology encompassing literature reviews, interviews with remote work professionals, integration of quantum-cellular insights, expert validation, and ethical considerations. The findings underscore the importance of fostering connectivity, adaptability, and equilibrium in remote work dynamics. As it delves into the quantum-inspired symphony of interconnectedness, suggested recommendations provide actionable steps for organizations to navigate the challenges of remote work, ensuring a harmonious and thriving professional landscape. This study contributes to the discourse on reshaping the future of work. It is a guiding beacon for individuals and organizations seeking balance in the quantum dance of professional existence.
Publication Title Performance Evaluation Of Very Low Frequency (Vlf) Techniques For Aquifer Contamination Assessment
Publication Type journal
Publisher Open Journal of Physical Science (OJPS)ISSN: 2734-2123
Paper Link DOI:10.52417/ojps.v4i2.542
Publication Authors Ighrakpata, F. C., Nwachuku, D. N., Emagbetere, J. U., Molua, O. C. & Ukpene, A. O
Year Published 2023-12-15
Abstract This study explores the efficacy of VLF techniques in mapping aquifer contamination. Conducted in Agbor, a city within Delta State, Nigeria, the study focuses on a contaminated aquifer of approximately 5 km² known for nitrate, petroleum hydrocarbon, and heavy metal contamination. The methodology involves VLF data collection using a Geonics EM-16 VLF receiver and transmitter, subsequent analysis using Geonics VLF2XYZ software, and comparison with traditional groundwater monitoring methods. The results indicatedthat VLF surveys effectively differentiate between contaminated and clean areas based on subsurface conductivity. The study demonstrates the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of VLF techniques compared to traditional methods, as VLF surveys cover larger areas in less time without drilling. Interpreting VLF resistivity maps reveals potential contamination areas, aiding in identifying contaminant sources and pathways. The validation framework assesses VLF techniques' accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and robustness, emphasizing the need for careful interpretation and validation with traditional methods. Implications for aquifer contamination assessment include mapping contamination extent, identifying new contamination areas, and monitoring remediation efforts. The study concludes that VLF techniques offer a promising and cost-effective method for aquifer contamination assessment. Recommendations include incorporating VLF techniques into site investigation programs, further research to optimize VLF technologies, site-specific investigations based on VLF survey results, and regular VLF surveys for ongoing monitoring and risk assessment. Overall, the findings contribute to alternative methods for aquifer contamination assessment, enhancing understanding and managing groundwater resources.
Publication Title Mapping Dumpsite Plumes in Umunede Aquifers Using Very Low Frequency (VLF) Electromagnetic Field Techniques
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Physics(NJP)ISSN: 1595-0611
Paper Link www.njp.nipngn.org
Publication Authors Molua, C. O. and Ataman, J. O
Year Published 2023-06-29
Abstract ABSTRACTThis study addresses the pressing issue of dumpsite plumes in Umunede aquifers, employing a mixed-methods approach combining Very Low Frequency (VLF) geophysical techniques with traditional groundwater sampling. The research strategy involves systematic geophysical surveys and groundwater sampling across different locations within Umunede. VLF measurements reveal fluctuations in subsurface conductivity, with a notable peak around 35 meters depth, indicating potential contamination zones. Groundwater analysis identifies spatial heterogeneity in pH levels, heavy metal concentrations, and microbial content, suggesting localized sources of contamination. Aquifer characteristics, including permeability and porosity, are also assessed, revealing spatial variability crucial for understanding water movement and storage. The study concludes by providing comprehensive insights into dumpsite plume dynamics, offering valuable data for targeted remediation efforts and sustainable water resource management in the Umunede area
Publication Title Investigation Of Linear And Mass Attenuation Coefficient Of Ozanogogo Kaolin, Agbor, Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher Open Journals of Environmental Research (OJER) ISSN: 2734-2085
Publication Authors Egheneji, A., Molua, O. C., Vwavware, O. J., Osuhor, P., Akpoyibo, O. &Eseka, K
Year Published 2023-12-15
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study investigates the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of Ozanogogo Kaolin, a material with unique physical and chemical
properties, across varying radiation energies. The study aims to contribute to understanding how Ozanogogo Kaolin interacts with radiation,
particularly in fields such as medical imaging, radiation therapy, and industrial applications. The research thoroughly explores the material's
characteristics, including density, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. The linear attenuation coefficient (?) and
mass attenuation coefficient (?/?) are fundamental parameters measured experimentally through a transmission-based technique. The
experimental setup includes a radiation source, Ozanogogo Kaolin samples, a radiation detector, and appropriate shielding. The values of
attenuation coefficients obtained at different radiation energies are presented, indicating a linear decrease in attenuation with increasing
energy. The research discusses the implications of the findings for practical applications, emphasizing Ozanogogo Kaolin's potential in
radiation shielding materials and protective equipment. Possible sources of error in the experimental procedure are identified, and
recommendations for future research are proposed, including investigations into sample characteristics, comparative studies with other
shielding materials, and examinations of material behaviour at higher energies. In conclusion, this study enhances the understanding of
Ozanogogo Kaolin's attenuation properties and highlights its potential in diverse applications related to radiation attenuation. The research
findings contribute valuable insights for developing improved radiation shielding materials and equipment
Publication Title Investigation Of Linear And Mass Attenuation Coefficient Of Ozanogogo Kaolin, Agbor, Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher Open Journals of Environmental Research (OJER) ISSN: 2734-2085
Publication Authors Egheneji, A., Molua, O. C., Vwavware, O. J., Osuhor, P., Akpoyibo, O. &Eseka, K
Year Published 2023-12-15
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study investigates the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of Ozanogogo Kaolin, a material with unique physical and chemical
properties, across varying radiation energies. The study aims to contribute to understanding how Ozanogogo Kaolin interacts with radiation,
particularly in fields such as medical imaging, radiation therapy, and industrial applications. The research thoroughly explores the material's
characteristics, including density, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. The linear attenuation coefficient (?) and
mass attenuation coefficient (?/?) are fundamental parameters measured experimentally through a transmission-based technique. The
experimental setup includes a radiation source, Ozanogogo Kaolin samples, a radiation detector, and appropriate shielding. The values of
attenuation coefficients obtained at different radiation energies are presented, indicating a linear decrease in attenuation with increasing
energy. The research discusses the implications of the findings for practical applications, emphasizing Ozanogogo Kaolin's potential in
radiation shielding materials and protective equipment. Possible sources of error in the experimental procedure are identified, and
recommendations for future research are proposed, including investigations into sample characteristics, comparative studies with other
shielding materials, and examinations of material behaviour at higher energies. In conclusion, this study enhances the understanding of
Ozanogogo Kaolin's attenuation properties and highlights its potential in diverse applications related to radiation attenuation. The research
findings contribute valuable insights for developing improved radiation shielding materials and equipment
Publication Title Investigating the protective effectiveness of the shielding parameters for diagnostic X-ray rooms in some selected hospitals in Agbor metropolis-Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Energy Engineering and Thermodynamics ISSN 2815-0945
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JEET
Publication Authors Eseka, K.Molua, O.C., and Ukpene, A.O. and Eghenegi, A.A.
Year Published 2022-07-23
Abstract Abstract: The level of background indoor and outdoor ionizing radiation doses were measured
in 15 different locations in Agbor, Delta State of Nigeria, with the aid of an inspector alert
nuclear radiation meter. The recorded indoor ionizing radiation rangedfrom 0.114 µSv/hr
to 0.271 µSv/hr with a mean value of 0.189 ± 0.04 µSv/hr. DDPA peaked at 0.271± 0.08
µSv/hr. Outdoor radiation levels on the other hand ranged from
0.110 µSv/hr to 0.256 µSv/hr with a mean value of 1.80 ± 0.05 µSv/hr. Model laboratory
recorded the highest outdoor radiation dose value of 0.256 ± 0.03 µSv/hr. These values were
all below the allowable limit set by UNSCEAR. Furthermore, the ambient BIR levels obtained
in all the locations studied were equally below the ambient BIR allowable limit of
0.13 mR/h. The calculated annual effective dose rates value E0 (indoor) for the locations
studied were variable, while the annual effective dose rate E1 (outdoor) obtained for all the
locations studied were less than the standard limit of 1.00 mSv/yr, making the latterlocations
to be radiological safe for human habitation without constituting notable health hazards
Publication Title REVIEW Of NON DESTRUCTIVE METHODS OF DETECTING COMPACTED SOILS AND EFFECTS OF COMPACTED SOIL ON CROP PRODUCTION
Publication Type journal
Publisher Open Journal of Agricultural Science(OJAS)ISSN: 2734-214X
Paper Link DOI: 10.52417/ojas.v4i2.541
Publication Authors Molua,O.C., 2Ukpene, A.O., 3Ighrakpata, F.C., 4Emagbetere, J.U.& Nwachuku, D.N.
Year Published 2023-12-15
Abstract ABSTRACT Soil compaction poses a significant challenge to modern agriculture, negatively impacting soil productivity and crop yields. This article reviews current research on non-destructive techniques for identifying soil compaction and evaluates their effectiveness in understanding its impact on agricultural output. Sustainable practices are explored, focusing on non-destructive methods like soil penetrometry, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), remote sensing, and geophysical approaches. The study emphasizes the advantages of non-destructive technologies over traditional invasive methods, allowing immediate assessment without compromising soil integrity. Case studies demonstrate the practical application of these techniques in diverse agricultural environments, showcasing their ability to detect and manage soil compaction. The literature review underscores the importance of promptly and accurately identifying soil compaction to implement effective management measures. Results and interpretations from relevant research highlight the effects of compaction on rootdevelopment, water permeation, nutrient accessibility, and overall agricultural productivity. Real-world case studiesand tables visually depict non-destructive techniques, measurement parameters, and the correlation between soil attributes and crop productivity. The discussion delves into the limitations of non-destructive procedures, emphasizing the needfor calibration against conventional methods for precision. The article stresses the significance of non-destructive practices in promoting sustainable agriculture. Proposed actions include further studies to refine and establish these techniques, comparative analyses across different soil types and crops, and the development of user-friendly software for incorporating non-destructive data into agricultural practices. The integration of non-invasive methods into routine soil monitoring is seen as a key strategy to enhance the resilience and productivity of agricultural systems, fostering environmentally friendly farming methods.
Publication Title Corporate Social Responsibility Technology Companies: Ethical, Environmental and Physical Conditions.
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Social Responsibility, Tourism and Hospitality ISSN: 2799-1016
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JSRTH DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jsrth.21.26.36
Publication Authors A. O. Ukpene1 , O. C. Molua2* , Oduma, E. O3 , A. U. Akporobaro
Year Published 2022-01-29
Abstract Abstract: The biotechnology sector, renowned for its groundbreaking advancements, is
increasingly subject to examination regarding its ethical and environmental obligations.
The present study examines the ethical and environmental aspects of Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) in the context of biotechnology companies. The objective is to gain a
deeper understanding of how these firms can effectively integrate scientific advancements
to promote societal and ecological welfare. Our comprehensive study encompasses various
aspects, such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, ethical dilemmas,
environmental impacts, stakeholder perspectives, and best practices. The study's results
emphasize the importance of ethical clinical trial practices and community engagement,
the frequency of ethical dilemmas associated with gene-editing technologies, and the
significance of energy consumption and the ecological consequences of genetically
modified organisms (GMOs). Furthermore, various stakeholders, including employees and
the community, perceive corporate social responsibility (CSR) as productive. This study
enhances our comprehensive comprehension of the transformative capacity of Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) within the biotechnology sector. It guides conducting
responsible scientific research and deploying technology to advance societal and
environmental well-being
Publication Title Assessing Leachate Migration and Gas Emissions in Landfill Sites Using Seismic and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Methods
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Environmental Impact and Management Policy ISSN: 2799-113X
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JEIMP DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jeimp.26.41.52
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2022-11-29
Abstract Abstract: Other environmental concerns include the permeation of non-sanitary fill-related
leachate or gas. This paper will validate these concerns using seismic and electrical
resistivity tomography (ERT) techniques. We collect data at different depths of the dump
sites using survey methods such as seismic and electrical resistivity tomography. We
implemented the seismic reflection approach for the comprehensive seismic wave velocity
studies and applied the ERT method to determine the electrical resistivity. We also used the
chemical analysis laboratory to quantify the amount of leachate present in the water
samples. The data analysis yielded several significant conclusions. At a depth of 75 meters,
electrical resistivity fell from 120.123 Ohm-m to 5 meters. P-wave velocity dropped
throughout the same depth range, from 1500.123 m/s to 1150.456 m/s. The leachate
conductivity increased from 1.234 mS/cm to 4.234 mS/cm, suggesting that the deeper depths
had higher pollutant levels. We observed a linear increase in methane concentrations with
water depth, rising from 10.123 ppm to 24.456 ppm. The joint use of seismic and ERT was
necessary because, while seismic studies aid in understanding the subsurface conditions of
a landfill and their temporal changes, only seismic and ERT can evaluate properties such as
soil properties, leachate dispersion, and methane emissions. These results improve our
knowledge of landfill dynamics and open the door to more practical management
approaches, adding to the corpus of existing information.
Publication Title Characterization of Radioactivity from Promordial Radionuclides in the Soils of Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher FUDMA Journal of Sciences (FJS)
Publication Authors Eseka, K. Mokobia, C.E. Molua, O.C and Ukpene, A.O
Year Published 2022-04-20
Abstract ABSTRACTThis study presents the characterization of the soil in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. It presents radiometric (40K, 238U and 232Th) survey of soil samples collected from some selected towns in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria using gamma-ray [NaI(TI)] spectroscopy.Twenty five representative soil samples from five communities (five soil samples each per community) were collected for the study. The average activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th in soil samples from the selected communities was 510.87 ± 3.068 Bqkg-1, 31.092±2.638 Bqkg-1and 64.662 ± 2.842 Bqkg-1respectively. By comparing the obtained average result of soil samples of 40K, 238U and 232Th with UNSCEAR standard, it was observed that the obtained average results of 40K and 232Th exceeded the standard value limit of 400 Bqkg-1and 30 Bqkg-1respectively while 238U was less than the standard value limit of 35 Bq/kg-1. The calculated radiological hazard values were lower than the world allowable average standard, except for the annual gonadal dose equivalent and the excess lifetime cancer risk which wereabove than the world recommended average standard value of 300 mSv/yr and 0.29 x10-3Sv/yr standard in some communities. However, contactwith the soils in these communities will not pose much health hazard problem to man and the environment.
Publication Title Identification of Groundwater-Dependent Wetlands Physical and Hydrological Characteristics and Ecosystem Relationship in Nun River, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Applied Sciences and Environ. Managegement (University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria)
Paper Link DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i8.
Publication Authors MOLUA, O C; OGHOLAJA, ER; AKPOYIBO, O
Year Published 2024-08-16
Abstract ABSTRACT: The objective of tis paper was to identify groundwater-dependent wetlands physical and
hydrological characteristics and ecosystem relationship in Nun River, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria using appropriate
techniques of involving groundwater monitoring of wells and meteorologicalstations and interpreting satellite data.
Findings showed high levels of association between environmental variables and wetland variables existed—the
relationship we found was positive between rainfall metrics and vegetation, with a ratio exceeding 12. The vegetation
density ranged from 66.987% to 68.215%, with precipitation ranging from 8.921 mm to 21.895 mm. It ranged from
2.145 m to 2.609 m, depending on the occurrence of rain. Therefore, the hydraulic conductivity recorded the soil's
moisture content between 22.896% and 24.325%, and the KGE ranged from 0 to 1.002-0.003 m/s. The analysis
acknowledges that the perception of the connections between the branches of groundwater and wetlandsin LSMsis
critical for Niger Delta ecosystems. This illustrates the importance of considering hydrological processes and the
environment in large-scale modelling. His research findings contribute to the advancement of wetland management
methods and enhance our understanding of the changes in coastal wetland ecosystems in response to environmental
shifts
Publication Title Evaluating the Contribution of Geophysics to the Assessment of Natural Hazards
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal Of Theoretical And Environmental Physics (Njtep) (Journal Of Nigerian Institute Of Physics)
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-06-20
Abstract ABSTRACT
This paper discussed the role of geophysics in the evaluation of natural hazards with the view to enhancing familiarity with earth shakes, ground characteristics,
landslide likelihood, and volcanic deliveries. Semantic and geophysical data were
collected from seismic surveys, measurement of groundwater, electrical resistivity
of the subsoil and gas emission. Seismic data analysis revealed diverse activity
across sites, with magnitudes ranging from 3.234 to 6.456 Mw, emphasizing the
importance of geophysical monitoring in identifying high-risk areas. Groundwater
measurements indicated spatial variations in water table depth from 1.234 to 6.789
m, essential for effective resource management. Soil resistivity values ranged from
75.123 to 145.901 Ohm-m, providing insights into soil properties relevant for
geotechnical and environmental studies. Landslide susceptibility assessment used
the factor of slope angle, vegetation cover, and rainfall intensity; these were 10.
901° to 28. 345°, 55. 234% to 88. 456%, and 6. 789 to 20. 901 mm/hr respectively.
The gas emission of SO2 ranged between 0. 123–0. 901 kg/s, that of CO2, 0. 456–1.
234 kg/s, while H2S ranged between 0. 789–1. 567 kg/s based on the emission of
the several sites suitable for eruption prediction models. A statistical approach was
used in which Histogram, scatter plot and radar chart were used to explain the data
collected. The study conclude that the application of various geophysical methods is
strikingly useful in natural hazard and risk assessment and planning and therefore
beneficial in reducing disaster risks. These results provide compelling evidence
about the importance of geophysics in propagating awareness in the Earth processes
and improvement of hazards.
Publication Title Spatial Distribution and Geotechnical Characterization of Marine Deposits in the Warri Area of Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher International journal of Basic science and Technology. Federal University Otuoke.ISSN 2488-8648
Paper Link https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13996440
Publication Authors Molua, C.O. and Ighrakpata, F.C
Year Published 2024-10-26
Abstract This study examines marine deposits’ spatial distribution and geotechnical
properties in the Warri area of Delta State, Nigeria. Field surveys, chemical tests,
and geographic information system (GIS) analysis were conducted to identify 20
sampling sites. Sediment samples were collected at various depths and analyzed
using grain size analysis, Atterberg limits tests, and shear strength tests in the
laboratory. The results show significant variations in depth (2.75-5.75 meters),
grain size (0.125-0.250 mm), liquid limit values (22.89%-28%), and plastic limit
values (13.68%-18 The study also found that the subgrade material exhibited
plasticity and shear strength properties variations. Spatial analysis revealed
elevation, thickness, and grain size changes, indicating the influence of
topography, hydrological conditions, and depositional processes on the substrate
types. The findings suggest considerable heterogeneity in the Warri area
regarding marine deposits' spatial distribution and geotechnical characteristics.
This study's conclusions are valuable for improving knowledge about local
sedimentation processes and informing decisions about further engineering
constructions, territory utilization, and environmental protection in the analyzed
area
Publication Title Exploring the Correlation between Indoor Airflow Dynamics and the Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons using Spider Silk as a Passive Sampler
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Physics (NJP) ISSN online: 3027-0936 ISSN print: 1595-0611
Publication Authors 1Molua, O. C., 2Ukpene, A. O., 2Konyeme, T. E., 1 Ighrakpata, F. C., 3Adu, M. E., and 2 Igborgbor, J. C.
Year Published 2023-12-26
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study investigates the relationship between indoor air flow and accumulation
of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using spider silk as a passive sample
Through a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and
experimental data, research di a significant difference under effective spider silk in
controlled indoor air quality (IAQ). The study reveals significant variations in PAH
accumulation within spider webs across different indoor environments, with
stagnant airflow areas exhibiting higher PAH concentrations. Specific locations,
such as corners and ventilation outlets, show consistent trends in PAH
accumulation, underscoring the importance of strategic spider web placement for
effective passive sampling. The research also highlights intriguing disparities in silk
production among spider species and selective accumulation of different PAHs. The
findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of indoor environmental dynamics
and bio-monitoring outcomes, emphasizing the utility of spider silk as a reflective
bio-monitor for assessing IAQ. This study provides valuable insights for future
research endeavors aiming to enhance our understanding of indoor environmental
quality and optimize passive sampling strategies.
Publication Title Environmental Audit Report of Taurus Oil and Gas Tank Farm Installation Located at Koko, Delta State, Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher COOU Journal of Physical Sciences(faculty of Physical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegu Ojukwu University, Anambra State)
Paper Link www.cjps.coou.edu.ng
Publication Authors Morka, J.C Molua, O.C, Nwachuku,D.N Ukpene A O Eseka K., & Okeke B.N
Year Published 2024-02-14
Abstract Abstract
In order to guarantee sustainable growth and development, documented, periodic and
proper evaluation of the process technology, raw materials in use, equipment
performance, quality and quantity of wastes generated and their likely negative effects on
the air, soil, underground and surface water vegetation, with the sole objective of
facilitating management control of environmental practices and assessing compliance
with company's policies and meeting regulatory requirement, environmental audit. , E.A,
is one of the profound available enforcement tools used as agents to achieve all of the
above. This paper reports the environmental auditing of the portable water and effluent
discharges at Taurus oil and gas tank farm installation located at Koko, Delta State. The
results show that the effluent from the separator has a high total hydrocarbon content
(THC) with mean value of 26.90 Mg\L, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), mean value of
178.45 Mg\L and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), mean value of 263.51 Mg\L. These
values are completely above statutory limits by the regulatory agencies for oil and gas
installations in Nigeria and therefore require that control measures be taken to forestall
pollution
Publication Title ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF MINING Activities In Nigeria: Employing Geophysical Techniques To Monitor Subsurface Changes And Mitigate Environmental Damage
Publication Type journal
Publisher African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment
Paper Link DOI: 10.52417/ajhse.v5i1.486
Publication Authors MOLUA, O. C., VWAVWARE, J. O. &NWACHUKWU, D
Year Published 2024-06-17
Abstract ABSTRACT
his study investigates the environmental impacts of mining activities across various sites in Nigeria by
employing comprehensive geophysical surveys. The research problem centres on understanding how
subsurface modifications due to mining influence land degradation, water pollution, and habitat destruction.
The methodology involved seismic, radar, and electromagnetic surveys using equipment such as seismographs,
ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and electromagnetic flow meters to measure subsurface disruption depths,
groundwater flow velocities, and subsurface feature depths. Data were collected from 15 mining sites, with notable
results including subsurface disruption depths ranging from 6.8 meters at Ogochi to 15.0 meters at Ophemii.
Groundwater flow velocities varied from 0.021 m/s at Ogochi to 0.038 m/s at Ophemii, and environmental impact
scores ranged from 4.5 at Itsawhe to 9.0 at Ophemii. Statistical tools such as Pearson correlation, Spearman's rank
correlation, and linear regression analyses were utilized to assess the relationships between geophysical data and
environmental impact scores. The study revealed strong positive correlations, with Pearson correlation coefficients as
high as 0.92 at Ophemii, indicating that more significant subsurface disturbances are associated with higher
environmental impacts. The linear regression analysis further quantified this relationship, with considerable regression
coefficients (?1=0.78\beta_1 = 0.78?1=0.78 and ?2=0.58\beta_2 = 0.58?2=0.58 at Ophemii) suggesting that
subsurface changes can predict environmental impacts. In conclusion, the study highlights the critical role of
geophysical changes in driving environmental degradation at mining sites. These findings emphasize the need for
stringent monitoring and management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of mining activities. By integrating
geophysical data into environmental impact assessments, stakeholders can better protect natural resources and promote
sustainable mining practices in Nigeria. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing
empirical evidence of the link between subsurface modifications and environmental impacts in mining regions.
Publication Title Evaluating Peak Flow Sensitivities to Spatiotemporal Precipitation Input Resolution in a Distributed Hydrological Model of the Ramos River System
Publication Type journal
Publisher BENIN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Paper Link www.bjps.org.ng
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-05-11
Abstract Abstract
Using a distributed hydrological model, this study investigated the influence of
spatiotemporal ResolutionResolution of precipitation data on simulating flood peak
discharge in the Ramos River Basin. Various precipitation datasets with spatial
resolutions (0.25 km to 10 km) and temporal resolutions (1 hour to 48 hours) were
evaluated. Results showed that finer resolutions generally provided more accurate
predictions of flood peak discharge. The model calibrated with a 0.1 km spatial resolution
precipitation data achieved an RMSE of 100.123 m3
/s, NSE of 0.789, and R2 of 0.901,
indicating good performance. In contrast, coarser 5 km and 10 km resolutions had much
higher errors (RMSE 500.567 m3
/s and 600.678 m3/s, respectively) and lower goodness
of fit. The findings underscore the importance of spatial Resolution in hydrological
modelling for reliable flood forecasting to support water resource management and
disaster risk reduction strategies. However, computational constraints and data quality
issues must be addressed to enhance model reliability further
Publication Title Optimal use of Dual Laterolog in the determination of formation resistivity
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of applied and basic sciences, published by A.A U. P.M.B. 14 Ekpoma, Edo State.
Publication Authors Molua O C, Ujuanbi, O and Ighrakpata, F. C
Year Published 2005-12-23
Abstract ABSRACT
A logging method Dual laterolog is described which provides for better recording of formation resistivity. In this method, a current is forced laterally into the formation in the shape if a thin sheet. of current by means of special electrode arrangement and an automatic control system. By measuring the voltage needed to generate a given measured current, the resistivity was deduced. By rapidly alternating the role of various returns a simultaneous measurement of deep and shallow resistivity was achieved.. Field examples were used to illustrate the effectiveness of this method in various types of formations
Publication Title Mudlogging as an exploration tool (A case study of Uzere well)
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Science & Environment Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka
Paper Link Nigerian Journal of Science & Environment Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka
Publication Authors MOLUA, O.C* , IGHRAKPATA .F O, EMAGBETERE J.U AND OKOH. H
Year Published 2007-03-23
Abstract Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of subsurface formation as obtained
in original well of the Uzere area of Niger Delta. A preliminary investigation involved
geophysical logging, or lowering various nuclear and electric apparatus into a strategic,
near- shore monitoring well (or directly in ground) for the purpose of confining properties
of a formation. Nuclear and electric logs were performed on location and have proven to be
an important part of determining stratigraphic correlation between measured sites. The
hydrocarbon saturation for the studied Uzere well was found to be 0.3. This value is low for the hydrocarbon prospect of Uzere well to be significant, at the present depth of investigation.
Publication Title THE CONDUCTIVITY OF A FORMATION AS A MEASURE OF INDUCED CURRENT ( A CASE FOR INDUCTION LOG)
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Journal of Science & Environment Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka
Paper Link Nigerian Journal of Science & Environment Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka
Publication Authors O. C. Molua, F. C. Ighrakpata, J.U Emagbeter and H. Okoh
Year Published 2007-03-13
Abstract ABSTRACT
This work examined the viability of induction log as a measure of the conductivity
of a formation by the use of induced current into the formation. Its use in the determination
of water saturation was also examined. Induction logging is a method wherein the
conductivity, ie reciprocal of resistivity is measured by means of induced current without
the help of contact electrodes. It can be used in empty holes or in holes containing oil base,
fresh water or other types of drilling fluid that is not conductive. We know that in
formation evaluation, estimation of the quantity of formation water present in the pore
space of a well leads to the evaluation of the quantity of the hydrocarbon present. And so
for the geophysical well that was considered here, various assumptions made, and the water saturation for the two zones were found to be 33% and 20% respectively.
Publication Title VOLUME RESISTIVITY AND PERMITIVITY OF SOLID DIELECTRICS; CASE STUDY HOW TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVE AREA OF MEASUREMENT ELECTRODE
Publication Type journal
Publisher COOU Journal of Physical Sciences(faculty of Physical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegu Ojukwu University, Anambra State)
Paper Link COOU Journal of Physical Sciences
Publication Authors MORKA, J. C. AND MOLUA, O. C.
Year Published 2022-11-14
Abstract Presented is how to determine the effective area of the measurement electrode during the calculation of volume resistivity and permitivity as a result of measurements in three electrode system. Errors are usually associated with this determination. But the presented analysis will help to correct the anomalis. The values of these errays are presently in a graphical manner as a guide. It is shown taht the factor of the measurement electrode extension at the electrical permitivity measurement also depends on electrical permitivity.
Publication Title USING THE MANN- WHITNEY U TEST NON-PARAMETRIC TOOL TO INVESTIGATE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN BENIN METROPOLITAN CITY
Publication Type journal
Publisher COOU Journal of Physical Sciences(faculty of Physical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegu Ojukwu University, Anambra State)
Paper Link http://www.coou.edu.ng
Publication Authors MORKA J.C.,NWACHUKU D.N & MOLUA O. C.
Year Published 2022-03-13
Abstract ABSTRACT
This study investigates variability in the micro climate of Benin Metropolis within the period
of six years 1980-1985 and 2000 -2005 using temperature as the principal parameter.
Secondary data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency Benin Airport and
Nigerian Institute For Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) Benin, were subjected to Mann-Whitney U
rank statistics to test for the significant variation. The result obtained showed that there were
significant differences in the mean of temperature between 1980 — 1985 and 200-2005 (U =
32.000, SE = 4.233. p value = 0.002). It is recommended that,the public should be enlightened
and educated by the regulatory authority regarding the danger of global warming by providing
collaboration among all institutions and organization
Publication Title Physicochemical Assessment of Aquifers in Agbor Metropolis, Delta State, Southern Nigeria
Publication Type journal
Publisher Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Publication Authors Okwagi, P., *Amitaye, A.N., Molua, O.C., Morka, J.C. and Anigoro, F.O.
Year Published 2019-12-30
Abstract Water Pollutants may be physical or chemical and may pose
health hazards to human and livestock when used for drinking and
other domestic purposes. Hence, the physiochemical
characteristics of aquifers from various locations in Agbor
metropolis were determined to ascertain their suitability for
domestic uses. A total of eighty-four (84) water samples: twentyeight (28) per month, was collected in the months of October,
November and December, 2018 and analysed using standard
methods for water and wastewater analysis. The results of the
study revealed that the aquifers are soft, fresh, and contaminated
with heavy metals: Fe (0.00-0.70 mg/l), Cr (0.00-0.11 mg/l) and
Mn (0.00-0.50 mg/l). The hardness values ranged from 16.00 to
126.00 mg/l and 30.00 to 640.00 mg/l for borehole and well water
samples respectively. The electrical conductivity (E.C.) values
range from 9.56 to 181.30 µScm-1 for the borehole water samples
while that of the well water samples range from 3.65 to 58.00
µScm-1. The DO values range from 2.30 to 78.03 mg/l and 2.60 to
6.10 mg/l for borehole and the well water samples respectively. It
is recommended that these water sources be protected from
further contamination. Also, bacteriological assessment of these
aquifers should be carried out in the identified sample locations
since Mn and Cr contaminations are indicators for microbial
contamination.
Publication Title Geophysical Exploration for Solid Mineral Deposits: A Key to Sustainable Mining Practices
Publication Type journal
Publisher FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ISSN: 2579-1184(Print) ISSN: 2578-1129 (Online)
Paper Link http://fupre.edu.ng/journal
Publication Authors MOLUA, O. C. ,* , OGWU, D. A1, , ESEKA, K. , NWACHUKWU, D. N., , EDOBOR, M.,*
Year Published 2024-06-17
Abstract This research investigates the geophysical methods employed in the exploration
of solid mineral deposits and thoroughly examines the results obtained. The study
used a systematic methodology that included survey planning, data collection,
processing, and interpretation. The survey planning process has uncovered a
range of objectives, among which the surveys related to iron ore have emerged as
the most comprehensive in scope. The data collection results revealed significant
parameter variations among the surveyed locations, providing a basis for
subsequent analyses. Using data processing techniques, as visually represented
through line charts, has significantly enhanced data precision. Using subsurface
modelling and inversion techniques, visually represented by bar charts or 3D
surface plots, has yielded important insights into the potential mineral deposits'
depth, shape, and size. Finally, using bar or pie charts facilitated the presentation
of summaries that underscored the efficacy in discerning various mineral
classifications, wherein iron ore emerged as the predominant type in deposit
quantity and overall spatial coverage. The abstract highlights geophysical
exploration's systematic and multifaceted characteristics, emphasizing its
importance in promoting sustainable mining practices.
Publication Title 3D Imaging of Aquifer Structures in Agbor Using Very Low Frequency (VLF)Electromagnetic Data
Publication Type journal
Publisher
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-05-20
Abstract This study investigates aquifer structures in the Agbor region, employing Very Low Frequency (VLF)
Electromagnetic data for 3D imaging. The research is prompted by the critical importance of aquifers in
maintaining groundwater resources and the environmental repercussions of subsurface conductivity
variations. The primary objective is to advance the understanding of aquifer structures through a
comprehensive methodology. Focusing on Agbor, the study addresses the need for more detailed spatial data
on subsurface conductivity variations, offering valuable insights for effective groundwater management and
environmental assessments. The methodology entails designing and executing VLF electromagnetic surveys
using a sophisticated VLF receiver along traverses. Rigorous data processing ensures high-quality
measurements, including filtering, noise reduction, and signal enhancement. Inversion algorithms convert
processed VLF data into resistivity-depth models, forming the basis for 3D representations. Geological data,
such as borehole information and surface geology were integrated to refine the imaging process. Results are
presented through scatter plots, line plots, and bar charts, showcasing electromagnetic signal variations,
refined VLF data, and geological composition. Resistivity-depth models provide nuanced insights into
subsurface resistivity variations, enhancing understanding aquifer systems. The findings bear practical
implications for sustainable groundwater utilization and environmental studies in the Agbor region,
addressing a significant knowledge gap. In conclusion, the materials and methods deployed encompass VLF
electromagnetic surveys, rigorous data processing, and integration of geological data. The results offer
detailed insights into aquifer structures, supporting recommendations for sustainable groundwater resource
management, and environmental assessment in Agbor.
Publication Title The Environmental Impact of Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) on Health
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Environmental Impact and Management Policy ISSN: 2799-113X
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JEIMP DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jeimp.43.23.34
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-05-20
Abstract Abstract: We have methodically scrutinized the pervasive electromagnetic fields (EMF)
prevalent in modern society for their potential health hazards. The aim of this study was to
investigate the levels of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), resulting biological
effects, present recommendations, population characteristics, and public opinion. The
main aim of this research is to give a comprehensive explanation of the subject. The data
collection process encompassed gathering EMF exposure levels in different settings,
analyzing experimental studies on biological impacts, consolidating existing standards,
investigating demographic discrepancies, and evaluating public perception through
surveys. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics to summarize the findings and
inferential statistics to evaluate the relationships between variables. EMF exposure levels
differed among various locations, with metropolitan areas and industrial facilities
demonstrating elevated amounts. Studies in real life have shown that electromagnetic
fields (EMF) can have many effects on living things, including increased oxidative stress,
changed gene expression, and messed up biological cycles. Different organizations had
varying guidelines, which were based on different risk assessment approaches. There were
differences in the demographic groups regarding their exposure to electromagnetic fields
(EMF) and their levels of awareness. Children and teenagers had more exposure to EMF,
whereas younger individuals showed higher levels of awareness but variable degrees of
concern. Public opinion differed among age groups, with younger people relying more on
online sources for information. This study offers significant insights into the complex
correlation between electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and human health. The results
emphasize the necessity of focused evaluation of risks and implementation of measures to
reduce them, standardization of standards, and customized communication campaigns to
tackle demographic differences in awareness and apprehension. This research contributes
new findings to the existing body of knowledge, facilitating public discussions, influencing
governmental decisions, and fostering a healthier and more informed society.
Publication Title Application of Multispectral Remote Sensing in Mapping of Mineral Deposits
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Image Processing and Intelligent Remote Sensing ISSN 2815-0953
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JIPIRS DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jipirs.11.21.33
Publication Authors Collins O. Molua1* , John C Morka
Year Published 2021-09-21
Abstract Abstract: This research examined Multispectral Remote Sensing in mineral mapping in the
Ogoni area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Niger Delta. That is why the objective of the research
was to improve the efficiency of mineral exploration with the help of non-destructive methods.
Envi and ArcGIS software were used to analyze Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel -2 MSI datasets.
The applied preprocessing procedures involved radiometric and geometric corrections, and the
values of these procedures ranged from 0. 006 to 0. 987 and 0. 064 to 0. 887, respectively. While
mapping the minerals, we used spectral signature, band rasterizing, and principal component
analysis. Here, the classification results exhibit a wide range in terms of the total percentage of
accuracy, which was between 0. 097 and 0. 908. Consequently, the band ratio analysis showed
the areas with high mineral potential; for example, Region 5 has ratios of 0. 972, 0. 986, and 0.
591 for three of the most important combinations of bands. Application of hyperspectral data
calculated the degree of minerals present in the area; also, areas of high mineral dominance
were observed and found to be Region_9 at the degree of 0. 711 concentration for Mineral_3.
The results-oriented work and the study suggest that multispectral remote sensing could be a
preliminary way of exploring mineral-rich environments to locate areas of interest and higher
potential for ground-based exploration. Solutions include further tweaking the algorithms,
including other geospatial data sources and detailed surveys in the subject areas.
Publication Title Applications of Lidar Technology in Urban Geophysical Surveys
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Information technology and Computer Engineering ISSN: 2455-5290
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJITC DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/ijitc.44.47.58
Publication Authors Collins O. Molua1* , John O Ataman
Year Published 2024-07-26
Abstract Abstract: This research examines the utilization of mobile LiDAR technology for
comprehensive urban geophysical surveys, with a specific emphasis on monitoring
infrastructure and urban planning. The study challenge focuses on the requirement for
precise and detailed geographical data to assist in making informed urban development and
management decisions. The approach utilized a transportable LiDAR device with a laser
pulse frequency of 200,000 pulses per second at 1,200 meters. Data collection employed
precise GPS and IMU for positional and orientation accuracy, respectively. Statistical
analysis included noise filtering and classification metrics to evaluate data quality. Results
from the study demonstrated the significant capabilities of LiDAR technology: the survey
captured over 10.000 points per square meter with a point accuracy of 0.150 meters. Noise
filtering processes retained an average of 85% of data points, with ground classification
achieving accuracies above 95%. Statistical tools included standard deviation calculations
for elevation models, revealing mean elevations ranging from 13.750 to 19.400 meters across
surveyed areas. In addition, LiDAR technology could identify structural deformations of up
to 0.200 meters in metropolitan buildings. The study highlights the efficacy of LiDAR in
offering accurate and extensive geospatial data for urban planning and infrastructure
management. This research adds to the current understanding by showing how LiDAR may
be used to improve decision-making and increase the ability of cities to withstand and recover
from challenges.
Publication Title Human Health Risk Assessment of Radionuclide Contamination in Drinking Water
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Mental Health Issues and Behavior ISSN: 2799-1261
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JMHIB DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jmhib.43.7.18
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-05-17
Abstract Abstract: This study investigates the human health risks of uranium, radium, radon, and
other drinking water radionuclides and their mitigation strategies. It was implemented
through literature review, field sampling, and analytical methods. Samples were taken
from various sources, including groundwater, surface water, municipal supplies, and
private wells. ICPI-MS and liquid scintillation counters were used for radiation
measurements. Statistical analysis and risk assessment models were used to measure health
risks and treatment effectiveness. Groundwater sources were the main sources of
radionuclides, with private wells being the main sources. The elimination efficiencies of
reverse osmosis were exceptional, reaching up to 99%. The elderly population (60+ years)
were the most likely to have cancer, with the highest risks for bladder cancer, lung cancer,
kidney cancer, and leukemia. The frequency of radionuclide contamination in drinking
water sources varied, with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Nigerian EPA, and
Canada having the strictest schedules. The results emphasize the urgent need for
monitoring programs, effective treatment technologies, and targeted risk management
strategies to cope with radionuclide contamination. Government advice includes improving
the regulatory system, developing advanced treatment methods, long-term epidemiological
studies, public awareness, interdisciplinary collaboration, scientific exploration of
alternative water sources, and prioritizing interventions for vulnerable populations.
Publication Title Psychological Effects of Residing in Seismically Active Zones: an Examination of Mental Health Outcomes
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Mental Health Issues and Behavior ISSN: 2799-1261
Paper Link https://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JMHIB DOI: Https://Doi.Org/10.55529/Jmhib.26.14.25
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2022-11-29
Abstract Abstract: Being in areas with regular seismic or volcanic activity can significantly affect
people's psychology. The outcomes of the study focused on the chronic impact of mental
well-being and requisite behavioral changes among populations dwelling in these risky
regions. A prevalence cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 seismic and volcanic regions
or districts in the country. The convenience sampling technique was adopted in the present
study, and the cross-sectional study design used multistage cluster sampling. Structured
face-to-face interviews were also conducted to get the rates of PTSD, depression, anxiety,
substance use disorder, and cognitive Impairment where PCL-5, PHQ-9, GAD-7, AUDITDAST, and MoCA, respectively, were used. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were
used. According to the findings, there was the existence of substantial mental health impacts
in these groups. For anxiety disorders, the prevalence rates ranged from 17. 456% to 26.
987%, for depression, it ranged from 10. 345% to 19. 345%, for PTSD from 12. 567% to 24.
109 %, and for substance abuse, it ranged from 4. 567% to 10. 098%. The incidence of
cognitively impaired patients varied from 8. 098% to 15. 567%. Certain tendencies were
identified to be regional, perhaps due to differences in the rate of disasters, social
preparedness, or reaction. Thus, this work underscores the severe continuity of its
psychological effects on people in a seismically affected area. A high proportion of clients
presenting with anxiety, depression, PTSD, substance use disorders, and cognitive deficits
indicates a demand for mental health services, community interventions, and personalized
care in Resilience for the targeted clientele.
Publication Title Chest X-Ray ESD and ESAK Assessment in A Few Diagnostic Radiological Facilities in Delta State
Publication Type journal
Publisher
Publication Authors Eseka, K1 , Molua O.C2*, Morka J.C3 , Ukpene A.O4
Year Published 2022-10-22
Abstract Abstract: Background: The utilization of X-rays in medical procedures has sparked
apprehension regarding their potential adverse consequences, despite their undeniable
advantages in the realms of diagnosis and therapy. The present study aimed to evaluate the
levels of Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) and Entrance Skin Air Kerma (ESAK) associated with
chest X-ray examinations conducted in diagnostic radiological facilities located within Delta
State. The present study employed a standardized approach to describe the materials and
methods used in the research. The dose assessment was performed on a sample of 700
patients who were 18 years of age or older. These patients were selected from 10 operational
facilities located throughout the State. The findings of the study are as follows: The effective
dose (ESD), ascertained through the utilization of patient anatomical data and exposure
parameters, fell within the recommended reference dose limits of 1 mGy (National Nuclear
Regulatory Agency) and 0.4 mGy (International Atomic Energy Agency) for the majority of
healthcare facilities. Nevertheless, certain centers demonstrated elevated dose levels, which
can be attributed to factors such as increased exposure rates, aging x-ray tubes, and
inadequate technician competency. The effective dose values (ESD) exhibited a range of
0.018 to 1.671 mGy for males and 0.084 to 1.542 mGy for females. The range of Entrance
Skin Air Kerma (ESAK) values for males was found to be between 0.019 and 0.085 mGy,
while for females it ranged from 0.016 to 0.098 mGy. These values were observed to be within
the recommended dose limits. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of
surveillance of radiation exposure and the implementation of quality assurance protocols in
order to safeguard patient well-being and mitigate potential hazards linked to chest X-ray
procedures conducted in diagnostic radiological establishments.
Publication Title Investigating the Influence of Soil Electrical Conductivity on Crop Yield for Precision Agriculture Advancements
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Agriculture and Animal Production ISSN 2799-0907
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJAAP DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/ijaap.12.23.34
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2021-11-28
Abstract Abstract: This study examines the correlation between soil electrical conductivity and crop
performance to improve precision agriculture techniques. The research challenge focuses
on enhancing resource efficiency and achieving maximum crop productivity in
agricultural systems. Using advanced geophysical techniques and sensors, we measured
the levels of soil electrical conductivity in specific agricultural plots. In addition, accurate
systems for monitoring agricultural production were implemented, gathering data at
various growth phases. The correlation study demonstrated substantial associations
between soil conductivity and crop production, with conductivity levels ranging from 0.421
mS/m to 0.742 mS/m and yields varying from 2200 kg/ha to 7500 kg/ha. Spatial mapping
demonstrated the arrangement of conductivity levels in space, facilitating focused actions.
Analyzed monthly conductivity averages and revealed temporal fluctuations, guiding timely
adjustments in agricultural strategy. The soil moisture and electrical conductivity data
combined yielded a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between soil and
crops. Suggested measures include incorporating real-time monitoring technologies,
conducting long-term studies, broadening geographical coverage, fostering collaboration
with specialists, and allocating resources to enhance farmer education. These findings
support the development of more accurate and efficient farming techniques, encourage the
responsible use of resources, and improve the overall productivity of agriculture.
Publication Title Modeling the transport and fate of waterborne pathogens for enhanced water quality and public health protection
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online)
Paper Link http://www.innspub.net
Publication Authors AO. Ukpene*1 , OC. Molua2 , CN. Isibor1 , TN. Apaokueze3 , JO. Vwavware4 , JU. Emagbetere5 , CP. Ukpene3
Year Published 2023-12-12
Abstract Abstract
This research delves into the intricate dynamics of waterborne pathogens and their influence on water quality
and public health protection. The study's primary objective is to unveil the mechanisms governing the
transport and fate of these pathogens in various water bodies, utilizing a robust methodology that combines
data collection, statistical analysis, mathematical modelling, and geographic information systems. The data
encompass pathogen concentrations, water quality parameters, and other relevant variables collected across
diverse locations, depths, and downstream areas. A rigorous preprocessing and validation process ensures the
quality and integrity of the data, while normalization provides consistency for meaningful analysis. The results
of our study offer illuminating insights into the interactions between water quality parameters and pathogen
concentrations. Statistical analyses reveal significant associations, which have implications for understanding
pathogen behaviour's temporal and spatial trends. Mathematical models, validated against the data, provide a
comprehensive framework for simulating the transport and fate of waterborne pathogens. Spatial analysis
using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) helps pinpoint areas of concern and potential contamination
sources, further enhancing the study's utility. The findings yield practical recommendations for improving
water quality and public health protection, encompassing strategies for mitigating pathogen contamination
and enhancing water quality management. This research advances our knowledge of waterborne pathogen
dynamics and serves as a practical resource for water quality professionals, public health agencies, and
environmental scientists. By elucidating the intricate interplay between pathogens, ecological parameters, and
public health, this study contributes to enhancing water quality and safeguarding public health, reinforcing
the importance of rigorous scientific research in these critical domains.
Publication Title Improvement of the Evaluation of Seismic Risk in Fault Areas by Lidar-Derived Geophysical Data
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Information technology and Computer Engineering ISSN: 2455-5290
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJITC DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/ijitc.45.1.12
Publication Authors Molua O Collins
Year Published 2024-08-22
Abstract Abstract: This study aimed to improve the methods of assessing seismic risk in fault zones
based on lidar data in geophysics. The research highlighted this by comparing the newly
developed fault maps with the usual methods of fault mapping and how lidar technology
developed high-resolution 3D mapping. We conducted mobile and terrestrial LIDAR surveys
to produce DEMs and study the attributes of the fault zones. The technique involved mobile
lidar systems with different specifications of emitted transmission rate: 45 000 m/s to 52,
100m/s pulse repetition: 190, 000 Hz–220, 000 Hz; and point density: 10223 points/m2 to
14567 points/m2. Terrestrial lidar surveys used scanner heights of 1. 500-1. 700m and
obtained the horizontal and vertical sampling density, ranging from 240,456 to 315,678
points per square meter. We used LAStools, Arc GIS, and QISIS software to filter, classify,
and visualize the data processing. e applied interpolation techniques such as IDW, Kriging,
Spline, and Natural Neighbors to generate DEMs. Research outcomes identified 15 different
fault segments with lengths varying from 10. 000-20. 000 km, along with maximum
displacements of 0. 987-4. 567 m, and average slip rates of 3. 456-7. 890 mm/year. The most
extended fault segment altogether was FS05, which was 20. 000 km with a maximum bidding
distance of 4. 567 m and a 7. 890 mm/year slip rate. We discovered that the proposed method
successfully filtered out noise points from lidar data, with the noise points varying between
0.111-0.266 million. We created DEMs with vertical rms errors ranging from 0.045-0.050 m.
The study revealed that lidar technology offers accurate and dense geospatial data, essential
for discriminating between fault zones. This approach dramatically improves seismic hazard
analysis and the identification of the best ways to minimize risks. These are increasing lidar
surveys in other seismically active regions, using multiple data sources for analysis, and
deploying constant surveys in high-risk fault line regions to increase consistency in detecting
surface changes and tectonic activity.
Keywords: Mobile Lidar, DEM Generation, Fault Zone Analysis, High-Resolution
Mapping, Interpolation Methods, Lidar Technolog
Publication Title Utilizing Data Mining Techniques in Geophysical and Biological Analysis for Assessing Environmental Risks
Publication Type journal
Publisher Journal of Electronics, Computer Networking and Applied Mathematics ISSN: 2799-1156
Paper Link http://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JECNAM DOI: https://doi.org/10.55529/jecnam.46.1.13
Publication Authors Anthony O. Ukpene* , Collins O. Molua
Year Published 2024-04-11
Abstract Abstract: This study aimed to assess environmental risks using data extraction techniques.
It focused on geophysical and biological factors and addressed the urgent need for
effective risk management strategies to reduce soil erosion, water pollution, and air quality
deterioration. A comprehensive dataset was created through the systematic collection of
geophysical and biological data including temperature, soil composition, and biological
abundance index. It used equipment such as satellite sensors and mountain transmitting
stations. Various statistical tools used include decision trees and random forest algorithms.
They were used to analyze data and identify important environmental risk factors. The
results showed some interesting insights, revealing that the Neural Network has an
accuracy of 95.5%, and the Random Forest algorithm predicts risk with an accuracy of
92.0%. It analyzed the classification of environmental hazard zones and identified highrisk zones, such as Zone A, which contains 10,000 people affected by erosion and Zone D,
20,000 people who were at risk from soil contamination. The study concludes that social
media can significantly improve understanding and management of environmental risks.
Additionally, it provides a useful framework for decision-makers and stakeholders to
promote sustainable environmental practices.